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The digestive System Mnemonics Flashcards

1
Q

Name four antacids and four side-effects or interactions that
concern you about antacids

ACIDIC MEALS
A_____________________ (antacid)
C_____________________ (antacid)
I
D_________P__________ (side effect)
I__________C__________ (drug interaction)
C_____________________ (side effect)
M_____________________ (antacid)
E
A_____ N______________ (when / how to take antacids)
L_____________________ (side effect of magnesium hydroxide)
S_____________________ (antacid)

A

1. ANTACIDS– ACIDIC MEALS

Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel)

Calcium carbonate (Tums, Pepto

Children’s)

I

Decreased phosphate with Al(OH)3, CaCO3,

Mg(OH)2

Ions, chelation with fluoroquinolones,

levothyroxine, and tetracyclines

Constipation from Al(OH)3 and CaCO3

Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)

E As needed (

PRN) rather than scheduled

Laxative effect of magnesium hydroxide

Sodium bicarbonate (in Alka-Seltzer

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2
Q

Question 2. Name four histamine-2 receptor blockers, their class
suffix, two specific concerns about cimetidine, one about
cimetidine and famotidine, and a general concern for the drug class
itself.
CALIFORNIA H2
C _____________________( histamine-2 receptor blocker)
A_____________________ (concern for cimetidine)
L_____________________ (concern for cimetidine)
I_____________________ (concern for cimetidine and famotidine)
F_____________________ (histamine-2 receptor blocker)
O
R_____________________ (histamine-2 receptor blocker)
N_____________________ (histamine-2 receptor blocker)
I
A______ for R______ D_________ (general class concern)

A

2. HISTAMINE-2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS (H2RAS) –

CALIFORNIA H2

Cimetidine (Tagamet)

Androgenic effect gynecomastia with

cimetidine

Liver enzymes interaction (CYP450) with

cimetidine

Increases QTc with other QTc, famotidine

and cimetidine

Famotidine (Pepcid)

O

Ranitidine (Zantac)

Nizatidine (Axid)

I

Adjust for renal disease

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3
Q

Question 3. Name eight drugs and or drug classes that might cause
gynecomastia.
FEMALE PARTS CARE
P_____________________ (HIV drug class)
A_____________________ (Hormone drug class)
R__________ T_________ (HIV drug class)
S_____________________ (Diuretic drug)
C_____________________ (H2RA)
A_____________________ (hormone drug class)
R_____________________ (Antipsychotic drug)
E_____________________ (Hormone drug class)

A

P rotease inhibitors
A ntiandrogens
R everse-
T ranscriptase inhibitors
S pironolactone (Aldactone)
C imetidine (Tagamet)
A nabolic steroids
R isperidone (Risperdal)
Es trogens

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4
Q

Question 4. Name six proton pump inhibitors and their class suffix.
ULCER DEVELOPER
D_____________________ (PPI right enantiomer)
E______________________ (PPI left enantiomer)
V
E
L______________________ (PPI)
O______________________ (PPI)
P______________________ (PPI)
E
R______________________ (PPI)

Class suffix
-p_____________________

A

4. PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS (PPIS) – ULCER

DEVELOPER

Dexlansoprazole (Dexilant)

Esomeprazole (Nexium)

VE

Lansoprazole (Prevacid)

Omeprazole (Prilosec)

Pantoprazole (Protonix)

E Rabeprazole (AcipHex)

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5
Q

Question 5. Name seven possible side-effects or interactions of proton pump
inhibitors.
ULCER DEVELOPER SIDE EFFECTS
Side-effects
D______________________ (side effect)
E_______________________ (side effect)
V
E_______________________ (interaction)
L_______ M______________ (side effect)
O_______________________ (side effect)
P________________________ (side effect)
E
R_________ H____________ (side effect)

A

DEVELOPER SIDE EFFECTS

Diarrhea from Clostridium difficile infection

Elderly, to remind us of dementia

V Enzymes (

CYP issues with some PPIs)

Low magnesium

Osteopenia (bone loss), a concern forfractures

Pneumonia

E Rebound hypersecretion

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6
Q

Question 6. Name two antibiotics in a triple peptic ulcer disease regimen and
how we dose the PPI.
ACED PUD
Drugs for a triple peptic ulcer disease regimen
A_____________________ (penicillin)
C_____________________ (macrolide)
E_____________________ (PPI)
How to dose the PPI in PUD
D__________ D___________

A

ACED PUD

Amoxicillin (Moxatag)

Clarithromycin (Biaxin)

Esomeprazole (Nexium)

Double dosing of the PPI

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7
Q

Question 7. Name four drugs in each of two quad peptic ulcer disease
regimens.
BED-MIDNIGHT OR MACE
Quad peptic ulcer disease regimen #1
B _____________________ (antidiarrheal)
E_____________________ (PPI)
D_____________________ (tetracycline)
M_____________________ (nitroimidazole)
Quad peptic ulcer disease regimen #2
M____________________ (nitroimidazole)
A_____________________ (penicillin)
C_____________________ (macrolide)
E_____________________ (PPI)

A

MIDNIGHT OR MACE

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)

Esomeprazole (Nexium)

Doxycycline (Vibramycin)

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Amoxicillin (Moxatag)

Clarithromycin (Biaxin)

Esomeprazole (Nexium)

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8
Q

Question 8. Name six medications known to cause the disulfiram reaction
and the reaction’s underlying mechanism.
MEGA PUCED
Disulfiram reaction medications
Me________________________ (nitroimidazole antibiotic)
G_________________________ (antifungal)
A________ of A_____________ (underlying mechanism)
P_________________________ (chemotherapy)
U
Ce_____________________ and Ce_____________________
(cephalosporin antibiotics)
D_________________________ (for alcoholism)

A

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Griseofulvin (GrifulvinV)

Accumulation of acetaldehyde, a toxic metabolite

Procarbazine (Matulane)

U

Cefotetan (Cefotan, 2nd) and

Cefoperazone (Cefobid, 3rd)

Disulfiram (Antabuse)

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9
Q

Question 9. Name a prostaglandin-like drug to protect the stomach, two
prokinetics, and a protectant.
MIMES STUCK IN STOMACH
Mi____________________ (prostaglandin-like drug)
M_____________________ (prokinetic)
E_____________________ (prokinetic, antibiotic)
S_____________________ (protectant)

A

PROTECTANT – MIMES STUCK IN STOMACH

Misoprostol (Cytotec)

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Erythromycin (E-Mycin)

Sucralfate (Carafate)

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10
Q

Question 10. In order of aggressiveness of therapy from least to most, name
three antidiarrheal or combination drugs.
BUILD A BARRIER
B_____________________ (salicylate, least aggressive)
U
I
L_____________________ (opioid receptor agonist)
D_____________________ /
A______________________ (opioid, anticholinergic combination, most
aggressive)
BARRIER

A

10. HAVEDIARRHEA? – BUILD A BARRIER

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)

UI

Loperamide (Imodium)

Diphenoxylate /

Atropine (Lomotil)

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11
Q

Question 11. Name the six anticholinergic side-effects that you might expect
with a drug like atropine.
ABDUCT WATER
A______________________
B__________ V__________
D__________ M_________
U__________ R__________
C______________________
T______________________

A

ABDUCT WATER

Anhidrosis, lack of sweating

Blurry vision, secondary to dry eyes

Dry mouth or xerostomia

Urinary retention

Constipation

Tachycardia

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12
Q

Question 12. Name six cholinergic side-effects.
SLUDGE WATER
S_______________________
L_______________________
U___________ I___________
D_______________________
G___________ D__________
E_______________________

A

CHOLINERGIC SIDE EFFECTS– SLUDGE WATER

Salivation, opposite dry mouth

Lacrimation, opposite blurry vision with dry eyes

Urination incontinence, opposite urinary retention

Diarrhea, opposite constipation

Gastric distress and

Emesis

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13
Q

Question 13. In order of least to most aggressive treatment, name four drugs
for constipation.

PRE-DISPOSED

P_________________________ (fiber)
R
E
D_________________________(stool softener)
I
S_________________________ (stimulant)
PO_____________ G________ (osmotic)
S
E
DO

A

Psyllium (Metamucil)

RE

Docusate sodium (Colace)

I

Senna (Senokot)

Polyethylene glycol (GoLytely, MiraLAX)

S

E

D

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14
Q

Question 14. Name an antivertigo drug for cruise ship travel. Name two

drugs you would use to prevent CINV, one drug that you would add on if the

first two don’t work alone, and a PO and IV drug for delayed emesis.

STOP ADD AFTER

S_____________________ (for cruise ship travel)

T

O_____________________ (to prevent CINV)

P______________________ (to prevent CINV)

A

D

D_____________________ (add-on drug to prevent CINV)

A_____________________ (PO drug for delayed emesis)

F______________________ (IV drug for delayed emesis)

T

E

R

A

Scopolamine (Transderm-Scop)

T

Ondansetron (Zofran)

Palonosetron (Aloxi)

A

D

Dexamethasone (Decadron)

Aprepitant (Emend)

Fosaprepitant (Emend injectable)

TER

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15
Q

Question 15. Name two drugs that come in suppository form to prevent
vomiting.
PROVIDE MAGAZINE
1. PRO___________AZINE
2. PRO___________AZINE

A

PROVIDE MAGAZINE

Prochlorperazine (Compazine)

Promethazine (Phenergan)

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16
Q

Question 16. Name three drugs for inflammatory bowel disease and two
drugs for irritable bowel syndrome.
GI MISLED
M ____________________ (IBD)
I _____________________ (IBD)
S _____________________ (IBD)
L _____________________ (IBS)
E
D ____________________ (IBS)

A

GI MISLED

Mesalamine (Pentasa)

Infliximab (Remicade)

Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)

Lubiprostone (Amitiza)

E

Dicyclomine (Bentyl)

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