The Domination of Caesar

Question 1

Caesar’s challenges

Answer 1

Repair a political system that had failed to accomodate aristocratic competition
Eliminate potential for recurrence
Unify citizens
Improve Roman/provincial relations
Achieve this while fighting across the Med

Question 2

Acts in Rome - 49 bc

Answer 2

Restored sons of the prescribed
Recalled those who were exiled in 52 after Clodius’ death
Took measures on debt - statesman-esque, but potentially annoyed everyone

Question 3

Acts in Rome - 47 bc

Answer 3

Antony in charge in Caesar's absence
Disorder in Rome 
Antony suppresses amidst bloodshed 
Revolt of soldiers in Campania
Enforced some debt measures 
BE NOT LIKE SULLA!

Question 4

Provincial matters - changes to affairs

Answer 4

Generally benevolent towards them. E.g. Asia Minor, he abolished use of publicani, for tax collection, remittance of taxes and freed Pergamum
Attempted to appoint un-corrupt governors

Question 5

Provincial matters - Extension of citizenship

Answer 5

Latin status granted to all of Sicily
Lex Roscia 49 bc - extends full citizenship to Latin colonies beyond the River Po
Gades granted citizenship
Continues the spread of citizenship started in the 90s. But this weakens the importance of Rome as a central influence

Question 6

Re-writing history

Answer 6

Colonies planned for Corinth and Carthage; refounding cities which Rome had destroyed in 146 bc. Caesar takes great pride in these cities

Question 7

Overseas settlement

Answer 7

Driven by lack of Italian land
Need to disband army
Avoidance of Sullan precedence - be NOT like Sulla!
Creation of allies across the Med

Question 8

Italian matters

Answer 8

Caesar popular after assurances that land be left alone
Some soldiers settled there
Plots of land inalienable for 20 years

Question 9

Alterations to the city-scape of Rome

Answer 9

Rebuilding of the senate house
Planned to divert the Tiber to expand the Campus Martius
Planned a public library
Vision of a Mediterranean capital

Question 10

Other reforms

Answer 10

Cut the grain dole from 320,000 to 150,000, assigned management, created two new aediles for grain
Majority of the collegia abolished
New taxes of foreign imports

Question 11

Powers and honours after Pharsalus

Answer 11

Dictator for a year
Could make war or peace without the senate
Right to hold 5 consulships
Privileges of a tribune
Allowed to appoint praetorian governors directly

Question 12

Powers and honours after Thapsus

Answer 12

Dictator for 10 years
Curator morum for 3 years
Right to appoint magistrates
Bronze statue atop a globe as a demi-god

Question 13

Powers and honours after Munda

Answer 13

Triumphal garb at all games 
Title of liberator 
Title of imperator permanently 
10 year consulship which he declined 
sole command of army and state finances

Question 14

Final honours in 44 bc

Answer 14

Title of parens patriae
Censor for life
Triumphal dress at all times
Tribunician immunity

Question 15

Caesar as Rex

Answer 15

Elected dictator for life

Question 16

Assassination: conspiracy

Answer 16

60 conspirators - including D. Brutus and C. Trebonius, leaders include C.Cassius and M.Brutus, both praetor for 43.
Intention to kill Caesar in the senate house