The dynamic earth Flashcards
What was the name of the super continent?
Pangea
What is the theory of the continental drift?
That all continents were once a super continent and then drifted apart
Divergent plate boundaries
When Tectonic plates head in opposite directions and causes ocean ridges
Convergent plate boundary
When plates coldie (head towards each other) causes areas of subduction
What is subduction?
Subduction is when one plate slides underneath the other
Transform plate boundary (strike/slip)
Causes earthquakes
What causes ocean ridges?
Divergent plate boundaries
What causes areas of subduction?
Convergent plate boundaries
What plate movement causes earthquakes?
Transform plate boundaries
How are earthquakes measured?
Using a Richter scale (1-10)
One increase on the Richter scale equals what?
30 times increase in energy eg an earthquake that measures 7 on the Richter scale releases 900 times more energy than an earthquake that measures 5
A seismograph is used to measure what?
Earthquake intensity
What is the focus of an earthquake?
The point of which the earthquake begins
The epicenter is where?
Directly above the focus. Movement of crust begins here
What are folds that bend upwards?
Anticlines
Folds that bend downwards are?
Synclines
Where do volcanos generally occur?
At an area of subduction
Magma is what and from where?
Molten rock from the mantle
Lava is what?
Red hot molten rock that is released
What products does a volcano release?
Magma Lava Hydrogen sulfied (rotten egg smell) Carbon monoxide Ash And volcanic bombs (large pieces of rock)
What are the three types of volcanos?
Active, dormant and extinct
What is a dorment volcano?
A volcano that hasn’t erupted in over 20 years
What is an extinct volcano?
A volcano that hasn’t erupted for over 1000 years
What is the structure of the earth?
The inner core
Outer core
Mantle
Crust
