Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

EMBRYO BLOCK 4 > The Ear > Flashcards

The Ear Flashcards

(64 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what are the functions of the ear

A

hearing and balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the 3 parts of the ear

A
  • external ear
  • middle ear
  • internal ear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what makes up the external ear

A
  • auricle
  • pinna
  • external acoustic meatus
  • tympanic membran (ear drum)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what makes the middle ear

A
  • 3 small ossicles

- internal layer of tympanic memb.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is in the internal ear

A

vestibulocochlear organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what day do you first see the development of the ear

A

day 22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does the ear appear as

A

thickening of surface ectoderm (otic placode)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

inductive signals from where stimulate the surface ectoderm to form otic placodes

A

paraxial mesoderm and notochord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the primordia for the membranous labyrinth

A

otic vesicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

wat are the two parts that otic vesicle form

A
  • utricle part

- saccular part

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what arises from the utricular part (dorsal)

A
  • endolymphatic duct
  • utrilce
  • semicircular ducts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cristae ampullares contain cells that do what

A

maintain balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what grows and coils to form the membranous cochlea ( huge coiled thing)

A

the cochlear duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what connets the membranous cochlea to the saccule

A

ductus reuniens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does the spiral organ of corti differintiate from?

A

cells that are in the wall of the cochlear duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the cochlear duct is surrounded by cartilage shell and during what week does it undergo vaculolization and form two perilymphatic spaces/?

A

week 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the two perilymphatic spaces around the cochlear duct called

A
  • sacala vestibuli

- scala tympani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the two ridges that are formed by the cochlear duct

A

inner ridge and outer ridge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what does the outer ridge of the cochlear duct form

A

inner and outer hair cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the sensory cells of the auditory system

A

hair cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what covers teh inner and outer hair cells

A

tectorial membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the fibrillar gelatinous substance that rest with its tip on the hair cells

A

the tectorial membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what two things make up the organ of Corti

A

hair cells and tectorial membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

impulses that are recieved by the organ of corti go to the spiral ganglion and then to the nervous system how

A

by the auditory fibers of cranial nerve 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what does the tubotympanic recess form from
the 1st pharyngeal pouch
26
the proximal part fo the tubotympanic recess forms what
the pharyngeotympanic tube ( audiotory tube)
27
what does the distal part of the tubtympanic recess become
tympanic cavity
28
the tympanic cavity gradually envelops what
the small bones of the middle ear and the auditory ossicles
29
what are the audirtoy ossicles
malleus, incus, and stapes
30
what pharyngeal arch do the malleus ad incus come from? the stapes?
1st | 2nd
31
the middle ear continues to grow through when
puberty
32
what muscle attaches to the malleus
the tenso tympani
33
what innervates the tensor tympani muscle
CN 5
34
what is the stapedius muscle derived from
second phayrngeal arch
35
what innervated the stapedius muscle
CN 7
36
where does the external acoustic meatus develop from the
first pharyngeal groove
37
what is the meatus
the passage of the external ear to the tympanic membrane
38
what do the cells that make up the meatal plug degenerate and become
the internal part of the external acoustic meatus
39
what is the primordium of the tympanic membrane
first pharyngeal membrane
40
what 3 things does the tympanic membrane (ear drum)form from
- ectoderm 1st pharyngeal groove - endoderm of tubotympanic recess - mesenchyme of the first and second pharyngeal arches
41
pinna?
auricle
42
what does the auricle develop from
mesenchymal proliferations in the frist and second phayrngela arches (auricular hillocks)
43
lobule?
earlobe
44
what is the last part of the auricle to form
ear lobe
45
what starts to develop at the neck and then assume their normal position at the side of the head
auricles
46
how many auricular hillocks are there
6
47
what can be caused y the abnormal development of the membranous and bony labyrinth or by malformaitons of the audiroty ossicles and eardurm
congenital deafness
48
what are most types of congenital deafness caused by
mutations in the GJB2 gene
49
what infections during week 7-8 can cause the maldeevlopment of the spiral organ and cause deafness
rubella
50
minor abnormalities of the auricles can indicate what
congenital abnormalities
51
children with trisomony 18 have what kind of auricles
low set and abnormal shape
52
what is an anticonvulsant drug that can affect the ear development in a developing embryo
trimethadione
53
where are auricular appendages ususally?
anterior to the auricle
54
what is the rare but usually associated abnormality related to the 1st pharyngeal arch syndrome. in this case, the mesenchymal cells did not proliferate and form an auricle
anotia
55
what is it called when a small or rudimentary auricle results from suppressed mesenchymal prolifereation
microtia
56
what is mictrotia usually associated with
- atresia of the external acoustic meatus and middle ear abnormalities
57
what can preauricular sinuses be associated with
deafness or kidney malformations
58
what is the abnormality that is related to the defective closure of the 1st pharyngeal groove and abnormal mesenchyal proliferation
preauricular sinuses
59
what are the narrow canals that connect the preauricular skin with the tympanic cavity ( tonsilar sinus) and they are realy rare
auricular fistulas
60
when there is a blockage of the external acoustic meatus canal it is due to what
the failure of the meatal plug to canalize
61
what is it called when there is a normal auricle but there is a failure of the meatal plug to disapear
absence of external meatus
62
what is atresia of the external acoustic meatus usally associated with
first arch syndrome
63
anomalies of what are present in atresia of the external acoustic meatus
middle and inner ear
64
atresia of the external acoustic meatus can be what kind of autosomal inheritence?
autosomal dominent

EMBRYO BLOCK 4 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions