the early settlement of the west 1835-1862 Flashcards
(123 cards)
What was the primary goal of the US government regarding Indigenous peoples?
To move Indigenous peoples living on the land elsewhere.
By what time period had settlers moved just beyond the Mississippi River?
By the 1830s.
What was the belief held by Thomas Jefferson regarding land ownership?
That it would create a healthy, moral population.
What was the purpose of the ‘Permanent Indian Frontier’?
To designate land for Indigenous peoples while settlers farmed the East.
What policy did the government pursue before 1830 regarding Indigenous peoples?
A policy of assimilating Indigenous peoples.
Which tribes were mentioned as being affected by the Indian Removal Act?
- Cherokee
- Creek
- Choctaw
- Chickasaw
- Seminole
What significant act was passed in 1830 under President Andrew Jackson?
The Indian Removal Act.
How many Indigenous people were estimated to have died during the forced march of the Cherokees?
Around 4000 out of 15,000.
By 1840, how many eastern tribes had been moved onto the Plains?
Around 70,000-100,000 people in total.
What did US citizens view the Great Plains as?
‘The Great American Desert’.
Fill in the blank: The boundary between the regions for settlers and Indigenous peoples was known as the _______.
‘Permanent Indian Frontier’.
What was one reason settlers began to encroach on the Plains?
They began to settle on the eastern edges of the Plains.
What was the primary conflict created by settlers moving across the Plains?
Conflict between settlers and Indigenous peoples.
What was the effect of settlers’ desire to fence off land on Indigenous cultures?
It clashed with the culture of the Indigenous peoples.
True or False: The Indigenous peoples were viewed as equal by many US citizens.
False.
Explain the meaning of ‘Permanent Indian Frontier’.
A designated boundary where Indigenous peoples were to live separate from settlers.
Explain the meaning of ‘The Great American Desert’.
A term used by US citizens to describe the Great Plains due to its harsh climate.
What was the primary reason settlers traveled to the west coast in large numbers from the 1840s?
Different reasons including economic opportunities, land, and belief in Manifest Destiny.
Settlers sought new lives due to various push and pull factors.
Who were the early explorers of the West in the 1820s and 1830s?
Mountain men who hunted animals for their skins.
They established westward trails for future settlers.
What was the aim of the missionaries who settled on the west coast in the 1830s?
To convert the indigenous peoples to Christianity.
Missionaries were among the earliest settlers.
What was the first organized group to migrate to the west coast?
The Peoria Party in 1839.
This group was followed by others in the 1840s.
What are the names of the main trails used by settlers traveling west?
Oregon Trail, California Trail, Mormon Trail.
These routes became established paths for migration.
What economic event in 1837 pushed people to move west?
A recession that caused banks to collapse and businesses to fail.
This led to increased unemployment and decreased wages.
What health issues contributed to the migration west?
Epidemics of yellow fever and cholera due to overcrowding and poor sanitary conditions.
These health crises were prevalent in the East.
