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Physics Lower Secondary > The Earth in Space I > Flashcards

The Earth in Space I Flashcards

1
Q

shadow

A

An area of darkness produced when light is blocked by an opaque object

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2
Q

axis

A

The imaginary line through the earth around which it spins.

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3
Q

day

A

The period of time when one section of a planet is facing its sun

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4
Q

night

A

Period of time when one section of a planet is facing away from its sun

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5
Q

year

A

Length of time it takes for a planet to orbit its sun

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6
Q

seasons

A

Changes in the climate during the year as the earth moves around its orbit.

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7
Q

poles

A

The north and south points of the Earth, connected by its axis of tilt.

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8
Q

equator

A

Imaginary line around the middle of the earth

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9
Q

northern hemisphere

A

The half of the earth between the equator and the north pole.

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10
Q

southern hemisphere

A

The half of the earth between the equator and the South Pole

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11
Q

star

A

Body in space that gives out its own light

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12
Q

atmosphere

A

The layer of air above Earth’s surface

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13
Q

planets

A

Any large body that orbits a star in a solar system.

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14
Q

Mercury

A

The planet nearest the Sun

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15
Q

Venus

A

A rocky inner planet, the second from the Sun

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16
Q

Mars

A

A rocky planet, the fourth from the Sun.

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17
Q

asteroid

A

Irregularly shaped lump of rock in orbit around the Sun

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18
Q

dwarf planet

A

A lump of rock in orbit around a star that is nearly spherical but has other objects around it.

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19
Q

Pluto

A

Used to be regarded as the ninth and last planet from the Sun; now called a dwarf planet together with others of the same size that are beyond Pluto’s orbit.

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20
Q

exoplanets

A

A planet in orbit around a star other than our Sun.

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21
Q

comets

A

Bodies in space made of dust particles frozen in ice, which orbit the Sun.

22
Q

meteor

A

A piece of rock or dust that makes a streak of light in the sky.

23
Q

meteorite

A

A stony or metallic object that has fallen to earth from outer space without burning up.

24
Q

artificial satellites

A

Man-made object that orbits the earth

25
Q

global positioning system (GPS)

A

System that pinpoints the position of something using signals from satellites

26
Q

International Space Station

A

A research station in orbit around the Earth

27
Q

Solar System

A

A star and the planets and other bodies that orbit it

28
Q

inner planets

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.

29
Q

asteroid belt

A

A ring of asteroids in orbit around the Sun

30
Q

outer planets

A

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

31
Q

phases of the moon

A

Parts of the moon that we see as it orbits the Earth.

32
Q

solar eclipse

A

Occurs when the moon blocks out the light from the Sun because it is in direct line between the Earth and the Sun, and part of the Earth is in shadow.

33
Q

penumbra

A

The area of blurred or fuzzy shadow around the edges of the umbra.

34
Q

partial eclipse

A

Occurs when parts of the light from the Sun is blocked by the Moon or Earth.

35
Q

umbra

A

The area of total behind an opaque object where no light has reached

36
Q

total eclipse

A

Occurs when all of the light from the Sun is blocked by Moon or Earth

37
Q

lunar eclipse

A

Occurs when the light from the Sun is blocked by the Earth because it is in direct line between the Earth and the Sun, and the Moon in shadow

38
Q

eclipse

A

The Sun or Moon is blocked from view on Earth.

39
Q

spring tide

A

Higher tide that occurs when the Earth, Moon, and Sun are aligned

40
Q

neap tide

A

The lower tide that occurs when the Moon is not aligned at all with the Sun.

41
Q

evidence

A

Observations and decisions that support or disproves a scientific theory.

42
Q

explanation

A

A statement that gives a reason for something using scientific knowledge.

43
Q

geocentric model

A

A model of the universe with the Earth at the centre.

44
Q

retrograde motion

A

The apparent ‘backwards’ motion of the planets due to the motion of the Earth and the planet around the Sun

45
Q

Universe

A

Everything that exists.

46
Q

telescope

A

A device made with lenses that allows distant objects to be seen clearly.

47
Q

heliocentric

A

Model of the universe with the sun at the centre

48
Q

sunspots

A

The dark spots on the surface of the Sun

49
Q

data

A

Measurements taken from an investigation or experiment

50
Q

primary source

A

Sources of data you collected yourself

51
Q

secondary source

A

Sources of date collected by others that you use

52
Q

earth

A

A rocky inner planet. The third planet from the sun.

Physics Lower Secondary (15 decks)

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