The Effects of Labelling Flashcards
What did Lemert (1972) argue?
By labelling certain people as deviant, society encourages them to commit more C+D
What does Societal Reaction cause?
Secondary Deviance
What is Primary Deviance?
Deviant acts that have not been publicly labelled
Examples of PD
Fare Dodging, Shoplifting, Driving 32mph in a 30mph zone
What are PD acts not a part of?
And organised deviant way of life
What can PD offenders easily rationalise PD acts as?
A ‘Moment of Madness’ and people do not see themselves as deviant
What is Secondary Deviance?
When someone is publicly caught for their crimes, it can lead to them increasing their criminal activity
What does Secondary Deviance result from?
Societal Reaction
What can labelling someone as an offender involve?
Stigmatising, shaming, humiliating or excluding them from normal society
What may others see the offender solely in terms of and what does it become?
The label of criminal (drug dealer, sexual predator), a Master Status or Controlling Identity
What is a criminal no longer in the eyes of the world?
A colleague, father or neighbour
What is a criminal now?
Thief, Junkie or Paedophile - an Outsider
AO3
Deterministic - assumes that once an individual is labelled, a SFP will occur - ignored free will to reject label
