The Elightenment

Question 1

Louis XIV

Answer 1

Louis XIV, known as Louis the Great or the Sun King, was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. His reign of 72 years and 110 days is the longest of any monarch of a major country in European history. In this age of absolutism in Europe, Louis XIV’s France was a leader

Question 2

Peter the Great

Answer 2

Peter the Great, Peter I or Peter Alexeyevich ruled the Tsardom of Russia and later the Russian Empire from 7 May 1682 until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his elder half-brother, Ivan V. Through a number of successful wars he expanded the Tsardom into a much larger empire that became a major European power.

Question 3

William the Great Elector

Answer 3

frederick William was Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia – and thus ruler of Brandenburg-Prussia – from 1640 until his death. A member of the House of Hohenzollern, he is popularly known as “the Great Elector” because of his military and political achievements. Frederick William was a staunch pillar of the Calvinist faith,

Question 4

Czar

Answer 4

the ruler of Russia until the 1917 revolution

Question 5

Absolutism

Answer 5

the acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters.

Question 6

Boyar

Answer 6

a member of the old aristocracy in Russia, next in rank to a prince.

Question 7

Ivan IV

Answer 7

Ivan IV Vasilyevich, commonly known as Ivan the Terrible or Ivan the Fearsome, was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547, then “Tsar of All the Russias” until his death in 1584. The last title was used by all his successors.

Question 8

Divine Right

Answer 8

the belief that the monarch’s authority comes directly from God rather than from the people

Question 9

Henry IV

Answer 9

Henry of Bolingbroke, born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, was King Henry IV of England and Lord of Ireland from 1399 to 1413, and asserted the claim of his grandfather, Edward III, to the Kingdom of France. His father, John of Gaunt, was the fourth son of Edward III and the third son to survive to adulthood,

Question 10

War of Spanish Secession

Answer 10

The War of the Spanish Succession was a major European conflict of the early 18th century, triggered by the death in 1700 of the last Habsburg King of Spain, the infirm and childless Charles II.

Question 11

Thirty years war

Answer 11

The Thirty Years’ War was a series of wars in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648. It was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, as well as the deadliest European religious war,

Question 12

Catherine the great

Answer 12

Catherine II of Russia, also known as Catherine the Great, was the most renowned and the longest-ruling female leader of Russia, reigning from 1762 until her death in 1796 at the age of 67. Born in Stettin, Pomerania, Prussia as Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg

Question 13

Window to the West

Answer 13

Pete is called Russia’s “Window to the West” and it’s not difficult to see why. The city, with its boulevards, canals and Baroque buildings, feels like Europe. Street signs are in English and the woman behind the counter at the coffee shop this morning could actually explain what was in each pastry. We love it here.

Question 14

Maria Theresa

Answer 14

Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina was the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions and the last of the House of Habsburg. She was the sovereign of Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Bohemia, Transylvania, Mantua, Milan, Lodomeria and Galicia, the Austrian Netherlands and Parma. By marriage, she was Duchess of Lorraine,

Question 15

Pragmatic Sanction

Answer 15

an imperial or royal ordinance or decree that has the force of law.

Question 16

Hapsburg

Answer 16

The House of Habsburg, or House of Austria, was one of the most influential royal houses of Europe. The throne of the Holy Roman Empire was continuously occupied by the Habsburgs between 1438 and 1740

Question 17

Austria the seven year war

Answer 17

The Seven Years’ War was a war fought between 1754 and 1763, the main conflict occurring in the seven-year period from 1756 to 1763. It involved every European great power of the time except the Ottoman Empire, spanning five continents

Question 18

Fredric the great

Answer 18

Frederick II was King of Prussia from 1740 until 1786, the longest reign of any Hohenzollern king. His most significant accomplishments during his reign included his military victories, his reorganization of Prussian armies, his patronage of the arts and the Enlightenment in Prussia, and his final success against great odds in the Seven Years’ War.

Question 19

Frederick William I

Answer 19

Born in Koenigsberg, königsberg he was the third son Of Frederick, William elector Of brandenburg by his’father s first marriage To Louise henriette Of-Orange, nassau eldest daughter Of Frederick, Henry prince Of orange And amalia Of-Solms. Braunfels his maternal cousin Was King WILLIAM iii Of. england

Question 20

Glorious Revolution

Answer 20

Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange.

Question 21

Spanish Armada

Answer 21

he Spanish Armada was a Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from A Coruña in August 1588, under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia with the purpose of escorting an army from Flanders to invade England.

Question 22

James I Puritans

Answer 22

Under James I of England, the Puritan movement co-existed with the conforming Church of England in what was generally an accepted form of episcopal Protestant religion. This equilibrium was disturbed towards the end of this period by several new developments, doctrinal from the Synod of Dort, political from the discussion of the Spanish Match shortly after the outbreak of the Thirty Years War, and internal to the Church with a partial shift of views away from Calvinism. Separatists who had never accepted King James’s settlement of religious affairs began migrating to New England colonies, from the Netherlands as well as England.

Question 23

Queen Elizabeth

Answer 23

Elizabeth II has been Queen of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand since 6 February 1952. She is also Head of the Commonwealth and the queen of 12 countries that have become independent since her accession: Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu

Question 24

Charles I

Answer 24

arles I was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles was the second son of King James VI of Scotland, but after his father inherited the English throne in 1603, he moved to England, where he spent much of the rest of his life. He became heir apparent to the English,