The Emergence of a New Development Model

Question 1

What is the current problem with the amount of greenhouse gases?

Answer 1

They exceed the tolerable and advised concentrations

Question 2

How are the graphs showing the Earth System changes called?

Answer 2

Great Acceleration graphs

Question 3

How many graphs/indicators are there related to the Great Acceleration graphs?

Answer 3

24

Question 4

What are the 2 categories of the indicators on the graphs?

Answer 4

Socioeconomic and earth system indicators

Question 5

Name some of the socioeconomic indicators

Answer 5

Population
Fertilizer consumption
Water use
Primary energy use

Question 6

Name some of the earth system indicators

Answer 6

CO2
NH4
Nitrous oxide
Ocean acidification 
Domesticated land

Question 7

What is common regarding all graphs?

Answer 7

They show the same pattern

Question 8

Which pattern do the graphs show?

Answer 8

A sharp spike from 1950

Question 9

What do planetary boundaries define?

Answer 9

A safe operating space for humanity

Question 10

What does Holocene provide for humans?

Answer 10

All the necessary conditions for human development

Question 11

What happens if we cross the environmental boundaries?

Answer 11

We get into a new state

Question 12

What is needed to stay in the stable Holocene?

Answer 12

We have to stay within the planetary boundaries

Question 13

How many planetary boundaries are there?

Answer 13

9

Question 14

How can we prevent to cross the boundaries?

Answer 14

We have to be more sustainable

Question 15

Which two parts does SD consist of?

Answer 15

Environmental and development agenda

Question 16

What did development thinking prioritized during the 1960s?

Answer 16

Economic growth

Question 17

What term was development equal with during the 1960s?

Answer 17

Modernization

Question 18

Explain Rostow’s model.

Answer 18

5 stages of development

End goal is high mass consumption

Question 19

What are the 3 main central problems which should be solved to be able to call it development?

Answer 19

Poverty, inequality, unemployment

Question 20

Which approach did Max-Neef find the best?

Answer 20

Needs based approach - most important are the fundamental needs of humans

Question 21

Which approach did Amartya Sen find effective?

Answer 21

Capability approach-expanding the choices people have

Question 22

Which goals were made in 2000?

Answer 22

Millennium Development Goals

Question 23

What is the main goal of the MDGs?

Answer 23

Reducing poverty

Question 24

How is James Lovelock’s famous hypothesis called?

Answer 24

Gaia hypothesis

Question 25

What is the main idea of the Gaia hypothesis?

Answer 25

Biosphere is a living organism which regulates itself

Question 26

Why is it important to protect ecosystems?

Answer 26

They maintain biodiversity and the production of ecosystem goods

Question 27

Could humans live without ecosystem services?

Answer 27

No, they’re dependent on it

Question 28

Which event took place in 1992?

Answer 28

Rio Earth Summit

Question 29

What were the outcomes of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit?

Answer 29

Links environment and development | Policies towards SD

Question 30

Which event took place in 2012?

Answer 30

Rio +20

Question 31

What are the 3 pillars of SD?

Answer 31

Reducing poverty Advancing social equality Ensuring environmental protection

Question 32

What was the main outcome of the 2012 Rio +20?

Answer 32

“The Future We Want” report | Development of the Sustainable Development Goals

Question 33

What are the 3 dimensions of the SD model?

Answer 33

Environment Society Economy

Question 34

What is the problem with the 3 dimensions placed on the same level?

Answer 34

They’re not equal, because economy is less important, than the environment

Question 35

What do societies depend on regarding the 3 dimensions model?

Answer 35

On the Earth’s life support system

Question 36

What is the problem with the conventional model of SD regarding the Third World counties?

Answer 36

Western countries exploit human and natural resources

Question 37

What is the famous quote about SD?

Answer 37

Development what meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Question 38

What is the concept of week sustainability?

Answer 38

Natural capital can be replaced with man made goods

Question 39

What is the concept of strong sustainability?

Answer 39

Natural capital can’t fully be replaced with human made capital

Question 40

What is the other name of the Brundtland report?

Answer 40

Our Common Future

Question 41

When was the Brundtland report created?

Answer 41

1987

Question 42

Which terms does the Brundtland report put together?

Answer 42

Development and sustainability

Question 43

What’s the difference between the way of thinking in 1960s and the Brundtland report?

Answer 43

Brundtland report states that not the economic goal is the most important

Question 44

Which approach does the Brundtland report use?

Answer 44

Needs based approach

Question 45

Which other development did Brundtland consider as important and effective?

Answer 45

Technological development