The endocrine system

Question 1

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 1

A group of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream in order to regulate bodily functions

Question 2

What are the main 8 glands that make up the endocrine system?

Answer 2

1. Hypothalamus
2. Pituitary
3. Thyroid
4. Parathyroid
5. Adrenals
6. Pancreas
7. Ovaries
8. Testes

Question 3

What is the fight or flight response?

Answer 3

An evolutionary response of the body to stress. the body becomes physiologically aroused in readiness to fight an aggressor or flee

Question 4

What is the main hormone released during the fight or flight response?

Answer 4

Adrenaline

Question 5

Which part of the adrenal gland releases adrenaline?

Answer 5

The adrenal medulla

Question 6

What is the sympathetic state?

Answer 6

when the body is physiologically aroused

Question 7

What is the parasympathetic state?

Answer 7

When the body is in its resting state

Question 8

What does the Hypothalamus do?

Answer 8

Stimulates and controls the release of hormones from the pituitary gland

Question 9

What hormones does the pituitary gland release and what do they do?

Answer 9

1. Anterior- adrenocortical trophic hormone (ACTH). Stimulates the adrenal cortex and the release of cortisol during the stress response
2. Posterior- Oxytocin. Responsible for uterus contractions during childbirth

Question 10

What hormone does the Thyroid release and what does it do?

Answer 10

Thyroxine- Responsible for regulating motabolism

Question 11

What hormones does the Adrenal release and what does it do?

Answer 11

1. Adrenal medulla- Adrenaline and noradrenaline. the key hormones in fight or flight response
2. Adrenal cortex- cortisol. Stimulates the release of glucose to provide the body with energy, whilst supressing the immune system

Question 12

What hormone does the pancreas release and what does it do?

Answer 12

Insulin- Controls blood sugar levels

Question 13

What hormone does the ovaries release and what does it do?

Answer 13

Oestrogen- Responsible for the development of female sec characteristics during puberty and controls the regulation of the female reproductive system, including the menstrual cycle and pregnancy

Question 14

What hormone does the testes release and what does it do?

Answer 14

Testosterone- Responsible for the development of male sex characteristics during puberty