The Endocrine System Topic One vocabulary

Question 0

the range of conditions that a person (or any living thing) can survive

Answer 0

Tolerance Limits

Question 1

Regulation of internal conditions to maintain conditions necessary for life

Answer 1

Homeostasis

Question 2

the systems of hormones that helps to regulate the human body and maintain homeostasis

Answer 2

The endocrine system

Question 3

A chemical signal released from a gland that has an effect in another part of the body

Answer 3

hormone

Question 4

a gland that releases hormones

Answer 4

Endocrine gland

Question 5

the intended destination of the released hormone

Answer 5

target tissue

Question 6

a binding site on the surface of the cells of the target tissue where the hormone attaches and creates a response

Answer 6

Receptor

Question 7

the effect that is caused by a hormone being released in the body

Answer 7

response

Question 8

any factor that causes a hormone to be released in the body

Answer 8

stimulus

Question 9

endocrine gland located in the brain that connects the nervous system and the endocrine system together in the brain; controls the pituitary gland

Answer 9

hypothalamus

Question 10

endocrine gland located in the brain under the hypothalamus gland; the master gland that sends out hormones to control other glands of the endocrine system

Answer 10

pituitary gland

Question 11

located above the kidneys; send out hormones during times of stress that elevate heart rate and blood pressure and increase muscle efficiency

Answer 11

adrenal gland

Question 12

a hormone released by the adrenal gland that aids during times of stress

Answer 12

cortisol and adrenaline

Question 13

the response that is generated when the body is exposed to stress hormones;raises blood pressure and heart rate and prepares the body to fight for surivival or escape (flight)

Answer 13

fight or flight response

Question 14

endocrine gland located above the kidneys that helps in digestion and regulates blood sugar levels

Answer 14

pancreas

Question 15

endocrine gland located in the neck; sends out hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, and development

Answer 15

thyroid

Question 16

endocrine gland located on the surface of the thyroid gland; regulates calcium in the body

Answer 16

parathyroid

Question 17

endocrine gland located only in females; released female sex hormones

Answer 17

ovaries

Question 18

a female sex hormone that controls development in females

Answer 18

estrogen

Question 19

endocrine gland located only in males; releases male sex hormones

Answer 19

testes

Question 20

a male sex hormone that controls development in males

Answer 20

testosterone

Question 21

what occurs when the response to a stimulus causes less hormone to be released

Answer 21

negative feedback

Question 22

a hormone released by the pancreas that helps to reduce sugar in the blood by cuing the liver to take in and store excess glucose

Answer 22

insulin

Question 23

a hormone released by the pancreas that helps to increase sugar in the blood by cuing the liver to release glucose back into the blood

Answer 23

glucagon

Question 24

endocrine disorder caused by the release of too much human growth hormone being released from the pituitary gland; causes extremely rapid growth and excessively large people

Answer 24

acromegaly

Question 25

endocrine disorder caused by the release of too little human growth hormone being released from the pituitary gland; causes short stature particularly in the limbs of those affected

Answer 25

achondroplasia

Question 26

endocrine disorder caused by the inability of the pancreas to produce enough insulin to reduce blood sugar levels

Answer 26

diabeties

Question 27

endocrine disorder caused by the production of too much insulin from the pancreas which results in blood sugar levels which drop too low

Answer 27

hypoglycemia

Question 28

caused by an immune disorder that prompts the thyroid gland to produce too much thyroid hormone; weight loss and nervousness and inability to concentrate are common symptoms

Answer 28

graves disease

Question 29

caused by an immune disorder that prompts the thyroid gland to produce too little thyroid hormone; weight gain and lack of energy are common symptoms

Answer 29

myxedema

Question 30

caused by a defect in the pituitary gland that prompts the adrenal glands to produce too much cortisol; weight gain and lack of energy are common symptoms

Answer 30

cushing's syndrome

Question 31

caused by damage to the adrenal glands which causes them to produce too little cortisol; weight loss and extreme fatigue are common symptoms

Answer 31

addison's disease