The English Reformation

Question 1

English Reformation

Answer 1

Early English reforms

Question 2

William Tyndale

Answer 2

A humanist, translated the English bible in 1526

Question 3

Henry VIII

Answer 3

2nd of the Tudor monarchs, had earlier been a conservative and critical of Lutheranism and reform

Question 4

Defense of the Seven Sacraments

Answer 4

Criticized Luther’s views, supported by Henry VIII

Question 5

Catherine of Aragon

Answer 5

Wife of Henry, could not conceive a son

Question 6

Anne Boleyn

Answer 6

Was a mistress of Henry

Question 7

Thomas Wolsey

Answer 7

The English Archbishop working on behalf of Henry, ultimately failed to get the papal approval

Question 8

Thomas Cranmer

Answer 8

Replaced Wolsey and convinced Henry in 1533 that he could divorce Catherine by breaking away from Rome

Question 9

Church of England

Answer 9

Henry breaks away from the Catholic Church

Question 10

Act of Supremacy

Answer 10

(1534) Made the king officially the head of the church

Question 11

Pilgrimage of Grace

Answer 11

A huge multi class rebellion, the largest on English history

Question 12

Statue of the Six Articles

Answer 12

Anglican Church maintained most of the Catholic doctrines

Question 13

Edward VI

Answer 13

Ten years old when he became the king. Those who governed on his behalf were strongly Protestant

Question 14

Mary Tudor “Bloody Mary”

Answer 14

Tried to reimpose Catholicism

Question 15

Marian Exiles

Answer 15

Protestants fled England fearing persecution

Question 16

Elizabeth I

Answer 16

Daughter of Henry, and Anne Boleyn. Catholics saw her as an illegitimate child and thus rejected her legitimacy regarding the throne

Question 17

Politique

Answer 17

She was a practical politician who carefully navigated a middle ground between Anglicanism and Protestantism

Question 18

Elizabethan Settlement

Answer 18

Elizabeth and parliament required conformity to the Church of England but people were, in effect, allowed to worship Protestantism and Catholicism privately

Question 19

Thirty Nine Articles

Answer 19

Defined the creed of Anglican Church

Question 20

Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots

Answer 20

Was thought to be put on the throne after Elizabeth

Question 21

Katerina Von Bora

Answer 21

Wife of Martin Lither, marriages became more compassionate, emphasizing the love between men and women, these two showed it well

Question 22

Angela Merici

Answer 22

Founded the Ursuline Order of Nuns in the 1530s to provide education and religious training

Question 23

Teresa de Avila

Answer 23

Major Spanish leader of the reform movement for monasteries and convents

Question 24

The Catholic Reformation

Answer 24

“Counter Reformation”

Question 25

Pope Paul III

Answer 25

Most important pope in reforming the church and challenging Protestantism, sought to improve church discipline through existing doctrines

Question 26

Council of Trent

Answer 26

Established Catholics dogma for the next four centuries, equal validity of Scripture, Church traditions, and the writings of the Church fathers

Question 27

Index of Prohibited Books

Answer 27

Books that supported Protestantism or that were overly critical of the church (e.g. Erasmus) were banned from Catholic countries

Question 28

Jesuits

Answer 28

Society of Jesus, wanted to reform the church through education, spread the gospel to pagan people’s, and fright Protestantism

Question 29

Ignatius Loyola

Answer 29

Founder of the Jesuits

Question 30

Spanish and Italian Inquisitions

Answer 30

The Jesuits oversaw both inquisitions

Question 31

Baroque Art

Answer 31

Began in Catholic Reformation countries to teach in a concrete and emotional way and demonstrate the glory and power of the Catholic Church

Question 32

Gianlorenzo Bernini

Answer 32

Personified baroque architecture and sculpture

Question 33

Colonnade

Answer 33

For piazza in front of St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome. Hs greatest architectural achievement by Bernini

Question 34

Canopy over St. Peter’s Tomb

Answer 34

Sculpted by Bernini

Question 35

Ecstasy of St. Teresa

Answer 35

Evokes tremendous emotion, also by Bernini

Question 36

Caravaggio

Answer 36

Roman painter who created Tenebrism, which uses sharp contrasts of light and dark to create drama

Question 37

Peter Paul Rubens

Answer 37

Flemish painter, worked for the Hapsburg court in Brussels, emphasized color and sensuality