The Enlightenment Flashcards
petition of right
ition of Right, (1628) petition sent by the English Parliament to King Charles I complaining of a series of breaches of law.
long par liament
noun, English History. 1. the Parliament that assembled November 3, 1640, was expelled by Cromwell in 1653, reconvened in 1659, and was dissolved in 1660. Examples from the Web for Long Parliament Expand. The first part of this act is copied almost word for word from an act of the Long Parliament in 1651.
short parliament
13 April to 5 May 1640 during the reign of King Charles I of England, so called because it lasted only three weeks.
cavaliers
a supporter of King Charles I in the English Civil War
oliver cromwell
l (25 April 1599 – 3 September 1658) [a] was an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland
commonwealth
1.
an independent country or community, especially a democratic republic.
declaration of rights
Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen), passed by France’s National Constituent Assembly in August 1789, is a fundamental document of the French Revolution and in the history of human and civil rights.
monarchy
a state or nation in which the supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in a monarch.
torries and wigs
members of two opposing political parties or factions in England, particularly during the 18th century. Originally “Whig” and “Tory” were terms of abuse introduced in 1679 during the heated struggle over the bill to exclude James, duke of York
english bill of rights
The 1689 English Bill of Rights was a British Law, passed by the Parliament of Great Britain in 1689 that declared the rights and liberties of the people and settling the succession in William III and Mary II following the Glorious Revolution of 1688 when James …
william and mary
King William III and Queen Mary II of England, who ruled jointly after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 had expelled Mary’s father, King James II.
enlightenment
a European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition. It was heavily influenced by 17th-century philosophers such as Descartes, Locke, and Newton, and its prominent exponents include Kant, Goethe, Voltaire, Rousseau, and Adam Smith.
philosophers
a person engaged or learned in philosophy, especially as an academic discipline
john loche
. A seventeenth-century English philosopher. Locke argued against the belief that human beings are born with certain ideas already in their
voltaire
He was a leading figure of the Enlightenment, and frequently came into conflict with the Establishment as a result of his radical views and satirical writings.
baron de montesquieu
French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755) Charles Louis de Secondat, Montesquieu.
mary woll stone craft
September 1797) was an English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women’s rights. During her brief career, she wrote novels, treatises, a travel narrative, a history of the French Revolution, a conduct book, and a children’s book.
salon
for the body is a popular beauty treatment, with various techniques offering benefits to the skin (including the application of beauty products) and for increasing mental well-being. Hair removal is offered at some beauty salons through treatments such as waxing and threading.
spanish hapsburgs
England (1527-1598) … king of ancient Macedonia and father of Alexander the Great (382-336 BC)
phillip ll
- n. king of Spain and Portugal and husband of Mary I; he supported the Counter Reformation and sent the Spanish Armada to invade
war of austrian seccession
Britain, and the Netherlands against Prussia, France, and Spain in support of the right of succession of Maria Theresa to the Austrian throne and against the territorial aims of Prussia.
tutor
1.
a person employed to instruct another in some branch or branches of learning, especially a private instructor.
stuart
1.
a person who looks after the passengers on a ship, aircraft, or train and brings them meals
