The Enlightment and Revolution Vocabulary Flashcards
(21 cards)
Heliocentric
Sun centered earth
Geocentric
An earth centered view of the universe
Rationalism
Belief that reason is chief source of knowledge
Scientific Method
1- Observe
2- Hypothesis
3- Perform Experiments
4- Analyze and draw conclusions
Inductive reasoning
Doctoring that doctors should process from the particular to the general by making scientific observations
Philosopher
A person who seeks knowledge through wisdom and scholarship
Philosophe
French word that refers to the French enlightenment philosophers
Separation of Powers
Form of government in which the executive, legislative and judicial branches limit and control each other through a system of checks and balances
Deism
18th century religious philosophy based on reason and natural law
Social Contract
Concept that an entire society agreed to be governed by its general will and all individuals should be forced to abide (accept) by it since it represents what is best for the entire community
Arbitrary
Legal term for a random decision that affects a person
Federal System
Sharing power between state and nation government
Amendment
Alteration proposed or effected by parliamentary or constitutional procedure
Guarantee
To assure fulfillment of a condition
Copernicus
Native Poland; Published “On The Revolution of the Heavenly Spheres”; mathematician, has heliocentric conception of the universe. He thought it’s better than Ptolemaic system.
Kepler
German mathematician; next step in destroying Ptolemaic system
Galileo
Italian scientist; 1rst European to
make regular observations of the heavens using a telescope
Newton
He is responsible for the law of gravity and the laws of physics
Montesquieu
French noble; has famous work “The spirit of the laws” was a study of government
Voltaire
Parisian, middle-class family, numerous writings brought him wealth and fame; known for criticizing Christianity
Rene Descartes
Was the father of modern rationalism
