The Evolution of the Presidency

Question 1

What are the 5 stages of the evolution of the presidency?

Answer 1

Modern Presidency 
Imperial Presidency 
Imperilled Presidency 
Post-Imperial Presidency 
Partisan Presidency

Question 2

When was the modern Presidency coined?

Answer 2

FDR

Question 3

What two things does the modern presidency refer to that we now take for granted?

Answer 3

1) vastly expanded size and scope of the federal government

2) Establishment of EXOP

Question 4

What does the the modern Presidency coincide with?

Answer 4

The USA taking on the role of global superpower since WW1

Question 5

The pendulum of power swings where during the modern Presidency?

Answer 5

towards the President

Question 6

What does the Imperial presidency mainly refer to?

Answer 6

foreign policy

Question 7

What does Schlesinger say about the Imperial presidency?

Answer 7

Essentially the creation of foreign policy

Question 8

When was the imperial presidency coined and to when does it refer?

Answer 8

1973 but it refers to the Presidencies of Truman, Eisenhower, Johnson and Nixon

Question 9

What does the imperial presidency suggest that the president is behaving like?

Answer 9

An emperor in his dominance of foreign policy, suggesting high handed approach to power or even abuse of it

Question 10

What is the first event of the Imperial Presidency?

Answer 10

1950 Truman sends troops to South Korea without congressional authorisation but congress does nothin

Question 11

What event of the Imperial Presidency happens in 1961?

Answer 11

Bay of Pigs

Question 12

What event of the Imperial Presidency happens in 1970?

Answer 12

Nixon bombs Cambodia and congress didn’t even know

Question 13

Though the imperial presidency started with foreign policy, what was the implication of this?

Answer 13

It started to creep into domestic policy

Question 14

What are the three Nixonian actions that signal that the Imperial presidency had entered the domestic policy area?

Answer 14

1) Stamping out vietnam war protests
2) Pyramid structure to the White House
3) Watergate

Question 15

What signalled the end of the imperial presidency?

Answer 15

Nixon was forced out by not having a strong enough congressional base

Question 16

What did congress do to the imperial presidency?

Answer 16

Reacted against it

Question 17

How did congress react against the Imperial presidency?

Answer 17

Stuff such as the 1973 War Powers Act which meant that the President could only deploy troops with congressional approval

Question 18

What comes after the imperial presidency?

Answer 18

Imperilled presidency

Question 19

Why and by whom was the imperilled presidecny term coined?

Answer 19

ford to suggest that congress had too much power

Question 20

To which presidents does the imperilled presidency refer?

Answer 20

the poor, one term presidencies of Carter and Ford

Question 21

Between which two dates does the post-imperial presidency come?

Answer 21

1982-2006

Question 22

Which four presidents does the post-imperial presidency refer to?

Answer 22

Reagan
Bush
Clinton
Bush

Question 23

Why does the collapse of the USSR lead to the post-IMperial presidency?

Answer 23

It meant that the USA returned to being the only global superpower

Question 24

The pendulum of power swings where during the post-imperial Presidency?

Answer 24

back to the president

Question 25

How did Bush Snr bring a degree of weakness to an otherwise very strong period of Presidents?

Answer 25

He was not great himself and served only one term

Question 26

How did Clinton bring a degree of weakness to an otherwise very strong period of Presidents?

Answer 26

Monika Lewinsky though he was generally very strong

Question 27

What was the evolution of Bush Jnr in order for him to be categorised as post-imperial?

Answer 27

He originally looked weak and feeble but the post- 9/11 era greatly augmented his own power

Question 28

What comes after the Post-imperial presidency?

Answer 28

Partisan

Question 29

What characterises the parties in the Partisan presidencies and what is the implication for the president?

Answer 29

parties are more homogenous so congress is more partisan so the President has a more difficult job getting his own way

Question 30

In the Partisan presidency the president gets more united support from his own party but...

Answer 30

more united opposition from others

Question 31

What are there reduced opportunities for in the partisan presidency?

Answer 31

The president to use his persuasive powers

Question 32

Before the presidency, what was interesting about voting?

Answer 32

The president used to be elected not only but votes from their own party but also by a good proportion of voters from the other party

Question 33

What fact shows that the president used to be elected not only but votes from their own party but also by a good proportion of voters from the other party?

Answer 33

Reagan elected by 86% of the GOP but also by 26% of Democrats

Question 34

How does voting happen in the Partisan Presidency and what is the impact for campaigning?

Answer 34

Nowadays it's almost exclusively through one's own party's supporter's votes. This means campaigning is less about conversion and more about activation

Question 35

What fact shows that voting for the President is now almost exclusively though one's own supporters?

Answer 35

Obama elected by 92% of the Democrats, but by just 6% of the GOP

Question 36

What is the implication of the Partisan presidency on polling?

Answer 36

Just the same as in elections, they receive almost unanimous support from their own party and almost unanimous opposition form those who identify with the other party

Question 37

What fact shows the implication of the Partisan presidency on polling?

Answer 37

2012 86% of Democrats approved of the job that Obama was doing, but Just over 10% of the GOP did.

Question 38

2012 86% of Democrats approved of the job that Obama was doing, but Just over 10% of the GOP did. What is special about this fact?

Answer 38

the 76% gap was the largest ever

Question 39

What has been the impact of the partisan presidency, particularly with Trump, for the Whitehouse staff?

Answer 39

They are no long impartial honest brokers but much more Partisan

Question 40

What shows that the Whitehouse staff are no long impartial honest brokers but much more Partisan with Trump?

Answer 40

Jared Krushner

Question 41

What shows that the Whitehouse staff are no long impartial honest brokers but much more Partisan with Obama?

Answer 41

Rahm Emmanuel

Question 42

What kind of media drives the Partisan presidency?

Answer 42

Ideologically driven websites, cable TV and blogs