The Eye (Vision and Perception)

Question 1

Iris

Answer 1

colored part of eye, constricts or opens the pupil

Question 2

Ciliary Body

Answer 2

controls accommodation of the lens

Question 3

What are the 4 components of forming an image?

Answer 3

Refraction, accommodation, constriction of pupil, convergence

Question 4

Refraction

Answer 4

Bending of light frames

Question 5

Convergence

Answer 5

“cross eye” if convergence is not possible, double vision will occur

Question 6

Layers of Eyeball (3)

Answer 6

Fibrous Layer, Vascular Layer, Inner Layer

Question 7

Fibrous Layer

Answer 7

Strong and tough, contains sclera and cornea

Question 8

Vascular Layer

Answer 8

Contains choroid, ciliary body, and iris

Question 9

Inner Layer

Answer 9

Contains retina, optic nerve, retinal blood vessels

Question 10

What is the retina composed of? (4)

Answer 10

neural cells, main photoreceptor cells, bipolar cells, and ganglion cells

Question 11

Rods

Answer 11

produces black/white vision and is used for vision in dim light

Question 12

What are the three types of cones? (wave lengths)

Answer 12

blue, red, green

Question 13

Cones

Answer 13

Create sharper image that rods

Question 14

Ganglia

Answer 14

Receive impulses from the bipolar cells (rods and cones)

Question 15

Optic Disk

Answer 15

convergence point of ganglia axons to form optic nerve

Question 16

Cataracts

Answer 16

clouding of the lens

Question 17

Glaucoma

Answer 17

pressure inside the eye from extra fluid

Question 18

What are the 4 types of Refractory Disorders?

Answer 18

Myopia, Hyperopia, Astigmatism, Presbyopia

Question 19

Myopia

Answer 19

Near sided

Question 20

Hyperopia

Answer 20

Far sided

Question 21

Astigmatism

Answer 21

Cornea is oval

Question 22

Presbyopia

Answer 22

Age related difficulty of focusing lens

Question 23

Macular Degeneration

Answer 23

destruction of central vision

Question 24

What are the two types of Macular Degeneration?

Answer 24

Dry and Wet

Question 25

Dry (Macular Degeneration)

Answer 25

Less severe and develops overtime

Question 26

Wet (Macular Degeneration)

Answer 26

More severe and progresses rapidly

Question 27

What does Homonomous mean?

Answer 27

Same in both eyes

Question 28

What does Hemianopsia mean?

Answer 28

Half vision loss

Question 29

What are the two involuntary muscles of the eye?

Answer 29

Iris and Ciliary Body