The Eyes

Question 1

Extraocular muscles

Rectus

Answer 1

superior
inferior
medial
lateral

Question 2

Extraocular muscles

Oblique

Answer 2

superior

oblique

Question 3

What muscles do the cranial nerves innervate

Answer 3

CN VI abducens nerve = lateral
CN IV trochlear nerve = superior oblique
CN III oculomotor = everything else

Question 4

What is in the outer layer of the eye

Answer 4

Sclera: white protective covering, focuses light on retina
Cornea: sensitive to touch, cornea light reflex

Question 5

What is in the middle layer of the eye

Answer 5

Choroid 
Ciliary 
Iris 
Pupil 
Lens 
Anterior and posterior chambers

Question 6

Choroid

Answer 6

dark pigmentation, prevents light from reflecting internally

Question 7

Ciliary

Answer 7

controls the thickness of lens

Question 8

Iris

Answer 8

controls amnt of light that hits retina by varying size of opening

Question 9

Pupil

Answer 9

cn III causes constricting of pupil

Question 10

Lens

Answer 10

bulges for near objects

flattens for far

Question 11

Anterior and posterior chambers

Answer 11

brings nutrients to surrounding tissue

Question 12

What composes the inner layer

Answer 12

Retina

Optic Disk

Question 13

Retina

Answer 13

light rays are changed into nerve impulse

Question 14

How do images appear on the retina

Answer 14

Reverse and upside down

Question 15

What is pupillary light reflex
Direct light reflex
Consensual light reflex

Answer 15

When light is shined into one pupil, both eyes constrict at the same time

Question 16

What is fixation

Answer 16

Reflex direction of the eye towards s/t that catches someone’s

Question 17

Accommodation

Answer 17

Adaption of the eye to near objects

Cornea curvatures

Question 18

Presbyopia

Answer 18

occurs with age

- cornea hardens and can’t accommodate for close things

Question 18

What is it called when you see blind spots in your visual field

Answer 18

Scotoma

Question 19

What is the confrontation test do

Answer 19

Tests peripheral vision

Both hold cards

Question 20

What is the hirshbergs test

Answer 20

“Corneal reflex test” shine light and see if it’s on the same spot

Question 21

What is the cover uncover test

Answer 21

Test parallel alignment and muscle weakness

Question 22

Compare phoria vs tropia

What are the kinds

Answer 22

Mild only during test
Tropia permanent

Exo outward drift
Eso inward

Question 23

What does lid lag indicates

Answer 23

Hyperthyroidism

Question 24

What is the term for lid drooping

Answer 24

Ptsosis

Question 25

What are protruding vs sunken eye balls called

Answer 25

Exophthalmos | Enophthalamos

Question 26

What are you inspecting for in the cornea and and lens

Answer 26

Smoothness and clarity

Question 27

What are you inspecting for in the iris and pupil

Answer 27

Pupillary light reflex

Question 28

What does assymmetry means in the ____ test?

Answer 28

Muscle weakness | In the corneal light reflex test

Question 29

Sclera icterus

Answer 29

yellowing of the sclera up to the cornea | indicates jaundice

Question 30

Myopia

Answer 30

near sight

Question 31

Hyperopia

Answer 31

far sightd

Question 32

Floaters

Answer 32

debris gets trapped

Question 33

Cataract

Answer 33

cloudy and opaque (protein clusters) lens

Question 34

Fovea centralis

Answer 34

site where vision is most sharp

Question 35

Cones

Answer 35

color vision

Question 36

Rods

Answer 36

Light and dark discrimination

Question 37

Glaucom

Answer 37

age relaed --> intraocular pressure results in loss of peripheral vision

Question 38

Lacrimal system

Answer 38

tear production and drainage to wash the eye

Question 39

20/20 | 20/40

Answer 39

20/40 vision means that the test subject sees at 20 feet what a normal person sees at 40 feet.

Question 40

pinguecullae

Answer 40

shown on the sclera, yellow nodules from prolonged exposure to the sun, wind, and dust.

Question 41

pterygium

Answer 41

triangular growth of the conjunctiva that grows over the cornea