The Failure of the Treaty of Versailles

Question 1

IDENTIFY when the Paris Peace Conference took place

Answer 1

January 1919

Question 2

OUTLINE the goals of the Paris Peace Conference

Answer 2

to prevent another world war
to justify the vast costs in terms of both lives and money paid during the war

Question 3

Which victorious nation did not attend the Paris Peace Conference and why?

Answer 3

Russia, as it had made a separate peace treaty with the Central Powers in 1918 due to political turmoil of the Russian Revolution

Question 4

LIST the countries that were the Central Powers

Answer 4

Germany
Austria Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Bulgaria

Question 5

IDENTIFY when the Central Powers attended the Paris Peace Conference and why

Answer 5

after the terms of the treaty had been finalised, as they were the loosing side, and were to have no say

Question 6

IDENTIFY which countries left the Paris Peace Conference dissatisfied

Answer 6

Germany
Italy
Japan

Question 7

IDENTIFY which treaty was the most famous coming out of the Paris Peace Conference

Answer 7

The Treaty of Versailles

Question 8

IDENTIFY what France wanted from the treaty of Versailles

Answer 8

wanted Germany to suffer
wanted financial compensation, revenge, and territories that had been lost to Germany
wanted to ensure if Germany rose up again, they would not be strong enough to threaten France

Question 9

IDENTIFY what the USA wanted from the treaty of Versailles

Answer 9

Wanted to create the League of Nations, to prevent another war, to have a fair treaty, to punish Germany but less harshly than France did

Question 10

IDENTIFY what Great Brittan wanted from the treaty of Versailles

Answer 10

Wanted to restrict German navy being built to protect Brittan
Wanted a strong trading partner in Germany

Question 11

IDENTITY who represented the USA in the treaty of Versailles

Answer 11

Woodrow Wilson

Question 12

What was Woodrow Wilson personal steak in the treaty of Versailles?

Answer 12

Wilson wanted to make the American people agree that entering WW1 was the right decision, as he had initially said it was not

Question 13

What did Woodrow Wilson believe about himself and his country?

Answer 13

Idealist, believed that he and America could save the world from future war and from itself

Question 14

OUTLINE what the security situation in the USA was like after WW1

Answer 14

USA had less security fears than France and Brittan after WW1, as they were further away, and didn’t need more territory

Question 15

What did Woodrow Wilson hope the league of nations would do?

Answer 15

Ensure peace

Question 16

IDENTITY who represented France in the treaty of Versailles

Answer 16

Georges Clemenceau

Question 17

What was Georges Clemenceau’s personal steak in the treaty of Versailles?

Answer 17

He had seen France invaded twice in his lifetime, and so sought revenge. He insisted the conference be held in France

Question 18

What were France/Georges Clemenceau’s demands of germany

Answer 18

For Germany to be harshly punished, weakening them to reduce future threats from them

Question 19

IDENTITY who represented Great Brittan in the treaty of Versailles

Answer 19

David Lloyd George

Question 20

What was David Lloyd George’s aim when making the treaty of Versailles?

Answer 20

to ensure Brittan’s security

Question 21

What was Brittan/David Lloyd George’s approach to consequences for Germany?

Answer 21

Wanted to trade with Germany, so they were willing to side with USA’s softer approach as they did not want Germany to be so weakened that they could not trade
Didn’t want France to be super strong

Question 22

What did David Lloyd George do before arriving in Paris for the Paris Peace Conference?

Answer 22

took control of German navy before arriving in Paris, and approved the continuation of the Royal Blockade, which limited food to starve Germans to force Germany to sign the treaty

Question 23

IDENTITY who represented Italy in the treaty of Versailles

Answer 23

Vittorio Orlando

Question 24

What did Italy/Vittorio Orlando hope to gain out of the treaty of Versailles?

Answer 24

had high hopes of territorial gains, but did not receive these as the other powers were suspicious of Italy

Question 25

What happened to Vittorio Orlando after the treaty of Versailles?

Answer 25

Orlando's failure in Versailles ended his career, which allowed/contributed to the rise of Mussolini

Question 26

What things did the terms of the treaty of Versailles affect for Germany

Answer 26

economy military power territory international relations

Question 27

LIST the territorial terms of the treaty of Versailles

Answer 27

45: The Saar was given to France as a mandate for 15 years 51: Alsace and Lorraine were returned to France (lost in Franco-Prussian war) 87: Lands in eastern Germany given to Poland (lands came to be known as the Polish Corridor, severed East Prussia from Germany) 100: Danzig was made a free city under the league of nations' control 119: All German colonies were given to France and Britain as mandates

Question 28

DEFINE a mandate (treaty of Versailles)

Answer 28

that country now has control over it, and while it does not formally own it, they get all the benefits from it

Question 29

LIST the international standing and relationship terms of the treaty of Versailles

Answer 29

1: Germany was not allowed to join the League of Nations 80: Germany was Forbidden to unite with Austria

Question 30

LIST the Military Power terms of the treaty of Versailles

Answer 30

42: the Rhineland was demilitarised (defence forces and fortifications not permitted in this area) 160: German army limited to 100 000 men (had Europe's biggest land army before WW1) 181: German navy restricted to 6 battleships and no submarines (U-boats) were aloud (lost 80% of its pre-war fleet) 198: Not permitted to have an air force

Question 31

LIST the Economic terms of the treaty of Versailles

Answer 31

231: 'War guilt clause', Germany was responsible for initiating war, as well as the loss and damage caused 232: In acceptance of responsibility for the war, Germany was required to pay reparations (132 billion gold marks)

Question 32

OUTLINE article 1 in the treaty of Versailles

Answer 32

1: Germany was not allowed to join the League of Nations

Question 33

OUTLINE article 42 in the treaty of Versailles

Answer 33

42: the Rhineland was demilitarised (defence forces and fortifications not permitted in this area)

Question 34

OUTLINE article 45 in the treaty of Versailles

Answer 34

45: The Saar was given to France as a mandate for 15 years (coal-rich land, economically beneficial)

Question 35

OUTLINE article 51 in the treaty of Versailles

Answer 35

51: Alsace and Lorraine were returned to France (lost in Franco-Prussian war)

Question 36

OUTLINE article 80 in the treaty of Versailles

Answer 36

80: Germany was Forbidden to unite with Austria, a union known as the Anschluss (limited Germany's power - large amount of people identifying as German did not live within Germany's borders)