The Female Reproductive Tract Flashcards
(103 cards)
1
Q
Genital ridge
A
Male
Testis
Female
Ovary
2
Q
Mesonephric Ducts
A
Male
Epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct
Female
Gartner duct
3
Q
Paramesonephric Ducts
A
*If the mesonephric ducts give rise to ducts paramesonephric ducts give rise to none duct by name
Male
Prostatic utricle, appendix of testis
Female
Uterus, fallopian tubes, upper vagina
4
Q
Genital Tubercle
A
Male
Glans penis, corpus cavernosum and spongiosum
Female
Glans clitoris, vestibular bulb
5
Q
Urogential sinus
A
Urogential sinus give rise to sinusoidal or fluid reproduction
Male
-Cowper glands (bulbourethral)
-Prostate gland
Female
-Bartholin glands
-Skene glads (paraurethral)
6
Q
Urogential folds
A
*Urogenital folds give rise to the external genitalia
Male
-Ventral shaft of penis
Female
-Labia minora
7
Q
Labioscrotal swelling
A
More direct; from labio//scrotal
Male
Scrotum (scrotal)
Female
labia majora (labio)
8
Q
The term used to describe the external organs that is visible in the perineal area
A
Vulva/ pudenda
9
Q
The pudenda consists the visible structres from _____ to the ______.
A
Mons pubis to ther perineal body
10
Q
Described as the fatty prominence anterior to the pubic symphisis, pubic tubercles and superior to the pubic rami
A
Mons pubis
11
Q
The mons pubis is a mass of______ covcered with pubic hairs after puberty
three word
A
Fatty subq tissue
12
Q
A. Labia Majora
B. Labia Minora
Two longitudinal folds of adipose & fibrous tissue which extend from mons pubis to perineal body
A
A. Labia Majoa
13
Q
A. Labia Majora
B. Labia Minora
Two small cutaneous folds between the labia majora and the introitus ( or vaginal vestibule)
A
B. Labia minora
14
Q
A. Labia Majora
B. Labia Minora
C. Both
Non keratinizing squamous epithelium
A
C
15
Q
A. Labia Majora
B. Labia Minora
C. Both
Keratinizing squamous epithelium
A
A
16
Q
A. Nulliparous
B. Multiparous
-The labia majora lies in close apposition
-Inner surface resembles the mucous membrane
A
A.
17
Q
A. Nulliparous
B. Multiparous
Not visible behind the non-separated labia majora
A
A.
18
Q
A. Nulliparous
B. Multiparous
Labia majora
Gape widely
Inner surface become skin-like
A
B.
19
Q
A. Nulliparous
B. Multiparous
Labia Minora
- Project beyond the labia majora
A
B.
20
Q
A. Labia minora
B. Labia majora
-with hair follicles
-with sweat glands
A
B.
21
Q
A. Labia minora
B. Labia majora
-no hair follicles
-no sweat glands
A
A.
22
Q
A. Labia majora
B. Labia minora
C. Both
- with sebaceous glands
A
C.
23
Q
A normally perforated thin memebrane to allow egress of menstrual blood secretions; can also be a pathology for pubertal stage but amennorheic
A
Hymen
24
Q
What is caruncle myrtiformes
A
A hymen remnant in adult females
25
Erectile structure found beneath the anteriro joining of labia minora.
Clitoris
26
Made up of:
- glans
- corpus
- two crura
**attachment**: periosteum of the ischiopubic rami
Clitoris
27
Almond shaped area between the clitoris and the vaginal intoitus (opening)
Vestibule
28
2 glands found in the vestibule
A. Periurethral glands
B. Vulvovaginal glands
29
Other names for periurethral glands
Skene glands
*lesser vestibular glands*
30
Other names for vulvovaginal glands
Bartholin glands
*greater vestibular glands*
31
Type of gland of periurethral gland?
Tubuloalveolar
32
Type of gland of periurethral gland?
Tubuloalveolar
33
Compound alveloar or compound acinar gland is the
A. Vulvovaginal gland
B. Periurethral gland
A.
34
Secretes lubrication at the opening of the urethra
A. Skene
B. Bartholin
A.
35
Lubrication to the vagina with openings just aoutside the hymen
A. Skene
B. Bartholin
C. Periurethral gland
D. Vulvovaginal gland
E. A and C
F. B and D
F.
36
Six opening in the vestibule
1. Vaginal introitus
2. Urethral opening
3. *Skene glands opening*
4. *Bartholin opening*
*Paired gland opening*
37
Vulva: *external genitalia*
Cervix: innermost
From vestibule of vulva to the cervix is where the _____ is found
Vagina
38
True or False:
Accrodian like distensibility is most often found in teenage women
False
*most often seen in reproductive aged women*
39
Separates the vagina from the bladder and urethra
A. Vesicovaginal septum
B. Rectovaginal septum
C. Rectouterine pouch of Douglas
D. Upper vaginal vaults
A.
40
Seprates the upper portion of the vagina from the rectum
A. Vesicovaginal septum
B. Rectovaginal septum
C. Rectouterine pouch of Douglas
D. Upper vaginal vaults
C.
41
Seprates the lower portion of the vagina from the rectum
A. Vesicovaginal septum
B. Rectovaginal septum
C. Rectouterine pouch of Douglas
D. Upper vaginal vaults
B.
42
Subdivided in the anterior, posterior and two lateral fornices. The posteriro fornix provides surgical access to the peritoneal cavity.
Vaginal vaults
43
Blood supply:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3
Cervical branch of the uterine artery and vaginal artery
A. Upper 1/3
44
Blood supply:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3
Cervical branch of the uterine artery and vaginal artery
A. Upper 1/3
45
Blood supply:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3
Uterine artery
A and B.
46
Blood supply:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3
Inferiror vesical arteries
Internal iliac artery
Middle rectal artery (post. Vaginal wall)
B.
47
Blood supply:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3
Internal pudendal artery
C.
48
Nerves:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3
Sympathetic via hypogastric plexus
Parasympathetic via S2-S4
A and B
49
Nerves:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3
General somatic via the pudendal nerve
C.
50
Support:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3
Levator ani muscle
Transverse **cervical**, pubo**cervical** and sacro**cervical** ligaments
A.
51
Support:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3
Urogenital diaphragm
B.
52
Support:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3
Perineal body
C.
53
This is the portion of the uterus that is the **lowest** and the **narrowest**
Cervix
54
Variants in cervix by shape:
Cylindric to conical
55
Cervical canal= vagina= _____ os (?)
External os
56
Cervical canal= uterus= _____ os (?)
Internal os
57
Cervical histology:
Fibrous or muscular?
Fibrous
58
Cervical histology: (Matching Type)
1. Stratified squamous epi
2. Columnar epi
3. Transformation zone
A. Ectocervix
B. Endocervix
C. Most cervical dysplasia exists
D. NOTA
1. A
2. B
3. C, D
59
Parts of the cervix:
A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix
Supravaginal portion
A.
60
Parts of the cervix:
A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix
Form isthmus to the ectocervix containing the **endocervical** canal
A.
61
Parts of the cervix:
A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix
Extends from the squamo-columnar jxn to the external orifice
B.
62
Parts of the cervix:
A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix
Crypts containing, highly ciliated columnar epi complex glands containing
B.
63
Parts of the cervix:
A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix
NKSSE (non-keratinizing stratified squamous epi) and is hormone sensitive
B.
64
Parts of the cervix:
A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix
Extensive amount of nerves
A.
65
Parts of the cervix:
A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix
Few nerves only
B.
66
True or false (cervical bllod supply)
Cervicovaginal branch of the vaginal artery located at the medial walls
False
Cervicovaginal brach of the **uterine artery** located at the **lateral walls**
67
Hollow, muscular organ that is located centrally in the female pelvis.
Uterus
68
2 major arterial supply of the uterus:
A. Uterine artery (rising from th internal iliac artery)
B. Ovarian artery
69
Modified True or False:
The uterine vein (going to the external iliac vein) and the ovarian vein is the venous drainage of the the uterus.
False
The uterine vein (going to the **external** [internal] iliac vein) and the ovarian vein is the venous drainage of the the uterus.
70
Innervation of the uterus
Inferior hypogastric plexus
71
Histology of the uterus
A. Endometrium
B. Myomentrium
C. Serosa
Stratum funtionale and basale
A.
72
Histology of the uterus
A. Endometrium
B. Myomentrium
C. Serosa
Zona spongiosa and zona compacta
A.
73
Histology of the uterus
A. Endometrium
B. Myomentrium
C. Serosa
Inner and longitudinal
Middle oblique
*Hood like pattern*
B
74
Histology of the uterus
A. Endometrium
B. Myomentrium
C. Serosa
The visceral peritoneum
C.
75
Histology of the uterus:
A. Stratum functionale
B. Stratum Basale
Responds to fluctuating hormonal levels and is the area where is sheds during menstruation
Supplied by the spiral arteries
A.
76
Histology of the uterus:
A. Stratum functionale
B. Stratum Basale
Supplied by the straight arteries
B.
77
ARSS stands for the arterial supply of the uterus which are? (In order)
Arcuate> Radial> Straight> Spiral
(Myo)> (Myo)> (Endo)> (Endo)
78
Sections of the uterus:
A. Isthmus
B. Fundus
C. Corpus uteri
Area between corpus uteri and the cervix
Short area of constriction in the LUS (Lower Uterine Segment)
A.
79
Sections of the uterus:
A. Isthmus
B. Fundus
C. Corpus uteri
The area that is very dynamic that undergoes stretching and thinning
A.
80
Sections of the uterus:
A. Isthmus
B. Fundus
C. Corpus uteri
The rounded/ dome shaped portion on the top of the uterus (above a plane connecting the two fallopian tubes)
B
81
Sections of the uterus:
A. Isthmus
B. Fundus
C. Corpus uteri
Upper 2/3 is the active segment (muscles are thick and participates in contraction of uterus)
C.
82
Sections of the uterus:
A. Isthmus
B. Fundus
C. Corpus uteri
The passive segment is the lower 1/3 of the uterus where the myometrium is thinner and does not participate in contraction
C
83
True or false
The former isthmus becomes the uterine lower segment in the phase of contraction.
True
84
Four anatomic sections of the uterine tube (fallopian tube)
1. Intramural interstitial
2. Isthmus
3. Ampulla
4. Infundibulum
85
True or False
The intramural interstitium are surrounded by endometrial lining by histology
False
The intramural interstitium are surrounded by **myometrium** lining by histology
86
Clinical correlates:
Ectopic pregnancies % occurence from highest to lowest
Intramural/ Interstitial
Isthmus
Ampulla
Infundibulum
Ampulla> Isthmus> Infundibulum> Intramural/Interstitial
87
True or False
The narrow portion of the tube that adjoints the uterus, passes gradually into the wider, lateral portion is the isthmus
True
88
True or False
The ampulla is the fimbriated extremity of the uterine tubes and the opeining distal end of the fallopian tube
False
The **infundibulum** is the fimbriated extremity of the uterine tubes and the opeining distal end of the fallopian tube
89
True or False
The site of fertilization is at the ampulla
True
90
True or False
The site of fertilization is at the ampulla
True
91
The site where the muscule is highly developed, narrowest portion, clipping is mostly done at this site (for sterilization), preferred site for tubal ligation
Isthmus
92
True or False
The ovaries are covered by th peritoneum
False
The ovaries are **not** covered by the peritonium
93
True or False
The ovaries are covered by th peritoneum
False
The ovaries are **not** covered by the peritonium
94
The pelvic bones consists of 3 which are:
2 hip bones
1 Sacrum
1 Coccyx
95
AP conjugates of the pelvic inlet:
True conjugate measures ___ cm and is measureed from ____ promontory to the upper part of the PS (Pubic symphisis)
A. 11
B. Sacral promontory
96
AP conjugates of the pelvic inlet:
Diagonal conjugate is measured from the ____ promontory and to the ____ of the PS.
True or false:
The only conjugate that can be measured clinically
A. Sacral
B. Lower part
True
97
AP conjugates of the pelvic inlet:
Obstetric conjugate is measured from the ____ promontory and to the ____ of the PS.
True or False:
Is important in parturition and is computed using:
(OC=DC-1.5 to 2)
A. Sacral
B. Mid-portion
True
98
The classification used for assessing pelvic diameter:
Cladwell-Moloy Calssification
99
According to Caldwell-Moloy the classification is divided into pelvic assesment of what?
A. Pelvic Inlet
B. Pelvic Cavity
C. Pelvic Outlet
D. A and B
E. A and D
F. A, B, and C
F.
100
According to Caldwell-Moloy the classification is divided into pelvic assesment of what?
A. Pelvic Inlet
B. Pelvic Cavity
C. Pelvic Outlet
D. A and B
E. A and D
F. A, B, and C
F.
101
Round shape pelvic inlet
A. Gynecoid
B. Anthropoid
C. Android
D. Platypelloid
A.
102
Anteroposteriorly shaped PI
A. Gynecoid
B. Anthropoid
C. Android
D. Platypelloid
B.
103
The only sacral angle that is <90 degrees inclined forward
A. Gynecoid
B. Anthropoid
C. Android
D. Platypelloid
C.
