The Future: Hydrological and Geomorphological Impacts

Question 1

The IPCC projects a global temperature rise of ______ by 2100, exacerbating extreme weather events such as heatwaves, droughts, and floods.

Answer 1

1.5°C to 4°C

Question 2

contributes to sea level rise, threatening coastal communities and ecosystems

Answer 2

Accelerated Melting

Question 3

lead to saltwater intrusion into freshwater aquifers, endangering water supplies and agricultural lands.

Answer 3

Coastal erosion and inundation

Question 4

The increasing salinity of fresh water supplies leads to significant challenges for both human consumption and agricultural practices.

Answer 4

Saltwater Intrusion

Question 5

Changes in precipitation patterns and temperature affect river flow regimes, leading to increased or decreased discharge.

Answer 5

Altered Flow Regimes

Question 6

reduced flow due to increased water demand and drought, impacting water availability for millions.

Answer 6

Reduced Flow

Question 7

leads to significant loss of property, displacement of populations, and economic disruption.

Answer 7

Flooding

Question 8

T OR F: Deforestation continues at a rate of approximately 10 million hectares per year, leading to significant environmental degradation

Answer 8

T

Question 9

T OR F: The loss of vegetation cover and expansion of impervious areas results in increased surface runoff and flooding

Answer 9

T

Question 10

Human interventions:

Answer 10

Dams and reservoirs establishment
Urbanization
Agriculture

Question 11

MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES

Answer 11

early warning system
infrastructure improvement
use soil conservation practices
Sustainable land management practices
integrated water management