The Gastrointestinal Tract

Question 1

The gastrointestinal tract consists of

Answer 1

oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine + rectum

Question 2

The gastrointestinal tract is associated with

Answer 2

liver, gall bladder + pancreas

Question 3

Functions of low pH stomach

Answer 3

• Digestion

- Physiological barrier against pathogens

Question 4

3 areas of the stomach

Answer 4

• The fundus
• The body
• The antrum

Question 5

3 parts of small intestine

Answer 5

• Duodenum
• Jejunum
• Ileum

Question 6

Duodenum

Answer 6

• Proximal section of the small intestine
• Separated from the stomach by the pyloric sphincter
• Divided into 4 sections: superior, descending, horizontal + ascending

Question 7

Jejunum

Answer 7

Middle part + begins at the duodenojejunal junction

Question 8

Ileum

Answer 8

Jejunum becomes the ileum at an indistinct junction

Question 9

Which quadrant are the liver + gallbladder found

Answer 9

Right upper quadrant

Question 10

What are the lobes of the liver

Answer 10

2 lobes: large right lobe + smaller left lobe

Question 11

What does the liver produce and what is its function

Answer 11

Bile: facilitates the digestion of lipids

Question 12

Function of the pancreas

Answer 12

endocrine functions

Question 13

What are the 4 parts of the colon

Answer 13

• Ascending colon
• Transverse colon
• Descending colon
• Sigmoid colon

Question 14

Location of rectum

Answer 14

• Terminal part of the large intestine

- Begins at vertebrae S3

Question 15

Function of rectum

Answer 15

Stores faecal mass

Question 16

What is the caecum

Answer 16

• First section of the large intestine
• Pouch of the large intestine
• Contains the vermiform appendix

Question 17

What is the spleen

Answer 17

A secondary lymphoid tissue

Question 18

Role of the spleen

Answer 18

Filtration of blood: removing aged RBC’s + collecting antigen