The Glorious Revolution Flashcards
What is the popish plot?
Represents the conspiracy theory to assassinate Charles because people didn’t like him
Why did people not like James II?
- he was married to a Catholic and people were worried about the future of England, when his wife gave birth to his son
- Some of Jameses actions made people think he favoured Catholicism such as he converted to Catholicism, he gave government post to Catholics, his wife was Catholic and he passed pro Catholic laws for example, in 1686, he said that Anglican ministers could not preach anti-catholic sermons
- he wanted absolute monarchy
What caused the glorious revolution?
Some leading nobles asked James‘s protestant daughter, Mary to take James‘s place. They wanted her to rule with her husband, William of Orange, the ruler of the Netherlands. William and Mary’s forces landed in 1688, and James fled to France. This was a glorious revolution, and William became king William the third.
What was some of the main aim of parliament to limit James‘s power?
- Limit Catholicism
-Remove amy from Monarch control - Parliamentary control of king
What did parliament fear James II would do?
-That he would dissolve parliament
- that he would turn the country Catholic
- His French influence
- He would suppress the protestants, which would mean loss of freedom
When was the glorious revolution?
1688
Who invites William of Orange?
Cavendish
What changes to the glorious revolution bring for England’s relationship with Scotland, France and Ireland?
- Scotland became more independent
- 1690 Scottish MPs had full control of the church, the right to appoint chief ministers and abolition of Bishops
- since James II had fled to France, the relationship between France and England worsened - the French supplied James with troops to invade Britain, but the rebellion was quashed in 1690
How did the glorious revolution bring more freedom for protestants and more restrictions on Catholics ?
- Bill of Rights- a Catholic could not become king or queen and England, Scotland, or Ireland
- Toleration act, 1689 - made it legal for protestants to belong to churches other than the church of England
- Restrictions on non-Anglicans for example, they couldn’t serve in the army or in government
How did the glorious revolution limit the power of the monarchy?
- William and Mary had to agree to a new constitution
- Had to swear an oath that their coronation, which stated that they would rule England, according to the laws passed in Parliament
- Bill of rights - Monarch couldn’t keep a large army in peace time, nor could they suspend laws, only collect taxes for a four year period to guarantee that the monarch could continue to work with Parliament, once a year and MPs are given freedom of speech in parliament
How did the glorious revolution not limit the power of the monarchy?
- Monarch responsible for making importance decisions like whether or not the country should go to war and they can still appoint people to important positions
- position of monarch regarded with awe and reverence by the majority, and these limits were only in case of emergencies
What’s the Queen Mary II and William III known as?
A dual monarch - she’s a Stuart, he’s illegitimate without her
How did Parliament have an increased role in running the country as a result of the glorious revolution
- Bank of England, England established 1694 – partly to provide loans to find Williams wars in France
- William worked closely with Parliament because he needed to fund his wars through taxes and parliaments approval
- began to meet more regularly and two groups (whigs and Tories) developed
- Beginning of Parliamentary democracy
- Act of settlement 1701, which offered the crown to the Hanoverians (Royal Germans)
- William and Mary died childless so the crown passed to Mary’s younger sister Anne
- And also had no children so the the crown was passed to the Hanoverians in 1714
What did Queen Anne do?
Created the act of union, 1707, in which England and Scotland were united
