The Great Depression Flashcards
(9 cards)
what is The Stock Market Crash of 1929?
Date: Began on October 29, 1929 (Black Tuesday).
Cause: Over-speculation, buying stocks on margin (borrowing money), and an overheated economy.
Impact: Led to a massive collapse in stock prices, wiping out billions of dollars in wealth.
Consequence: Triggered the Great Depression, causing widespread unemployment, poverty, and economic hardship worldwide.
what is The Normandy Invasion or D-Day?
Date: June 6, 1944.
What Happened: The Allies (mostly from the U.S., UK, and Canada) launched a huge attack on the beaches of Normandy, France, during World War II.
Goal: The Allies wanted to take back France from Nazi Germany and open a second front in Europe.
Result: The invasion was successful, even though there were many casualties. The Allies were able to land on the beaches, push back the Germans, and begin the liberation of France.
Importance: It was a major turning point in the war because it helped lead to the defeat of Nazi Germany.
what is The Voyage of S.S St. Louis?
Date: May 1939.
Ship: The S.S. St. Louis, a German ocean liner.
Passengers: Over 900 Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi Germany, hoping to find asylum in Cuba and later in the United States or Canada.
Destination: The refugees’ goal was to find safety in Cuba, but when they arrived, they were denied entry.
Outcome: The ship was turned away by both Cuba and the United States. It was also rejected by Canada, leaving the refugees with no place to go. The ship was forced to return to Europe.
Consequence: Many of the refugees were forced to return to countries controlled by the Nazis, where they faced danger and many ultimately perished in the Holocaust.
what is Pearl Harbor?
Date: December 7, 1941.
Attack: Japan launched a surprise attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, killing over 2,400 Americans and damaging ships and aircraft.
U.S. Entry into WWII: The attack led the U.S. to declare war on Japan, officially entering World War II.
what is The Relief Act?
Purpose: Part of Roosevelt’s New Deal, aimed to provide financial aid to people suffering during the Great Depression.
Key Programs: Created agencies like the Works Progress Administration (WPA) to provide jobs and direct relief.
Impact: Offered immediate help to the poor, created jobs, and laid the foundation for future Social Security programs.
what is The New Deal and what did it layout for future economic policies?
The New Deal (1933-1939)
Purpose: A series of programs and policies by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to address the economic hardships of the Great Depression.
Goals: Relief (helping the poor), Recovery (stimulating the economy), and Reform (preventing future depressions).
what is The Unemployment Insurance Act?
Unemployment Insurance Act (1940)
Purpose: Created by the Canadian government to provide financial support to workers who lost their jobs.
Key Features:
Provided temporary financial assistance to unemployed workers.
Funded by payroll taxes from both employers and employees.
Helped people support themselves while they looked for new employment.
Impact: Established the foundation for Canada’s social safety net and contributed to the development of the welfare state.
what is The Dieppe Raid?
Purpose: A major Allied attack on the German-occupied port of Dieppe, France, during World War II.
Participants: Primarily Canadian soldiers, along with British and American forces.
Goal: To test German defenses, gather intelligence, and boost morale, while preparing for a larger invasion.
Outcome: The raid was a failure; heavy German resistance led to high casualties, with nearly 1,000 Canadians killed and many more captured or wounded.
Impact: The raid taught valuable lessons for future Allied invasions, including the need for better planning and intelligence. It contributed to the planning of D-Day (Normandy Invasion) in 1944.
what is The Ford Strike?
What Happened: Workers at the Ford Motor Company in Windsor, Ontario, went on strike in 1945 demanding better wages, improved working conditions, and union recognition.
Reason: Workers were dissatisfied with low wages and long hours, despite Ford’s high profits.
Outcome: The strike lasted for several weeks, leading to major disruptions in production. It ended when the Ford Motor Company agreed to improve wages and working conditions.
Impact: It marked an important victory for labor unions in Canada and strengthened the union movement during the post-war period.
