The Growth Of Oppistion To Tsarist Rule Flashcards
(31 cards)
What did Westernisers believe In
Wanted Russia to adopt western values
Hoped for western style economic and military reform
Favoured representative assemblies with civil liberties and less power to the Orthodox Church
How did westerners express their views ?
Through the zemstva and hope that the increase in local decision making would lead to greater national representation
What did slavophlies believe in
Wanted to preserve Russians culture and heritage as the country modernised
Preferred to rest in the peasant based society
Wanted to preserve the principles of the orthodox church
When did Slavophlies decline in influence
1890s as industrialisation progressed and western style socialist movements began to grow
What marked a significant point in the growth of opposition
Famine 1891-92
As the government failed to provide adequate reprieve the zemstva largely assumed responsibility for improving conditions and the intelligentsia demanded for a greater role in public affairs
What was the state of the intelligentsia but 1890s
They where split some remained moderate liberals and continued to hope for a reform of Tsardom
What became popular amongst the younger generation in 1860s
Nihilism
What did the group ‘young Russia’ publish in 1862?
A manifesto in which they argued for ‘bloody and merciless revolution’
When was the youth group the ‘Organization’ set up ?
1863
Who was the ‘organization’ set up by ?
Students at Moscow University and also called for radical reform.
Name a radical thinkers
Chernyshevsky , author whose writing suggested the peasants should be leaders of revolutionary change
When was the Tchaikovsky circle set up
1868-69
What did Tchaikovsky circle do ?
They where a literary society which organised the printing, publishing and distribution of scientific and revolutionary literature
What did the Tchaikovsky circle organise to do ?
From 1872 it organised workers with the intention of sending them to work among the peasants in the country side
Who had the idea of ‘going to the people’
Populist
What did Lavrov encourage the populists to do in 1874?
Encourage 2000 young men and women mainly from the nobility and intelligentsia to travel to the country side
Why did the populists go to the people
In order to exploit peasant discontent and persuade the peasantry that Russians future depended on developing the peasant commune
Why did going to the people not work ?
Peasants ignorance, superstition and loyalty to the tsar ensured that the i comers were reported to the authorities. 1600 were arrested
Even though going to the people failed what did it show the government ?
The depth of feeling of it’s opposition
When was land and liberty set up
1877
What did the members of land and liberty sought to do ?
Work within the peasant communes but more discreetly carrying on the populist tradition
Was land and liberty popular ?
They gained much public sympathy and sometimes talked with the zemstva in order to press for constitutional reform
When and what did land and liberty split into ?
1879
The peoples will and the black partition
What was the aims of the black partion ?
Wanted to share the black soil provinces of Russia among the peasants and hoped to stimulate social change without violence
