The Hand Flashcards
(58 cards)
What are the phalanges called?
Distal, middle, proximal
What are the metacarpals called?
Head, shaft, base
Distal row of carpal bones?
Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hanmate
Proximal row of carpal bones?
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
Distal radioulnar joint classifcation? shape?
Movement?
Allows for?
Articulation?
- Pivot (L-shaped)
- Moves around the fixed distal end of the ulna
- Supination and pronation
- Head of ulna articulates with the ulnar notch on medial side of the distal end of the radius
- Vertical portion is interposed b/w distal ends of radius and ulna
- Transverse portion lies b/w distal end of ulna and it’s articular disk (binds the end of the radius and ulna together)
What muscles produces supination?
Radius and ulna? Within what ligament? What end of the radius rotates?
- Supinator (when there is no resistance) and by the biceps brachii (when resistance is present) (some assistance from EPL, ECRL)
- The head of the radius rotates within the anular ligament and the distal end of the radius rotates around the head of the ulna
What muscles produce pronation?
Primarily, secondarily, assistance?
- Pronator quadratus
- Pronator teres
- Assistance from EPL ECRL
- Brachioradialis when forearm is midpronated
Radiocarpal joint:
Classification?
Location?
Function?
- Condylar
- B/w articular surfaces of the radius and the large carpal bones of the proximal row
- Wrist flexion and extension
Purpose of ligaments?
- Reinforce joint capsule
Joint capsule
Layers?
- Envelope surrounding a synovial joint
- Outer fibrous layer or membrane
- Inner synovial layer/membrane
Radial collateral ligament location?
Between the styloid process of the radius and the tubercle on scaphoid
Ulnar collateral ligament location?
Between styloid process of ulna to nonarticular (soft tissue) part of medial surface of triquetrum and pisiform
Palmar radiocarpal ligament
location?
Obliquely medially from radius to all carpal bones of proximal row and capitate (distal row)
Palmar ulnocarpal ligament location?
From distal end of ulna to lunate and triquetrum
Dorsal radiocarpal ligament: location?
Attached to proximal carpal row
Carpal bones are bound by?
- Distal intercarpal joints are divided into and by?
- Small intercarpal ligaments (palmar and dorsal)
- Interossesous intercarpral ligaments (b/w intercarpal ligaments)
- Distal intercarpal joints divided into proximal and distal by interosseous membrane
Midcarpal joints:
- location of joint cavity?
- Allows?
- B/w carpal rows separates them
- Allows distal row to move freely on proximal row
Interosseous ligaments:
Location?
Prevents?
- B/w radiocarpal joint and proximal intercarpal joint
- Prevents communication b/w midcarpal joint and either radiocarpal or carpometacarpal joints
Metacarpophalangeal joint:
- Classification?
- Allows for?
- Collateral ligaments?
- Condylar
- Allows for flexion/extension and medial/lateral movement when extended
- Keeps them stabilized on either side, fan-like and cord-like
Palmar ligament -
Protects joints on palmar side
Deep transverse metacarpal ligaments
Attach to palmar ligaments and connect heads of 4 metacarpals
Interphalangeal joints:
- Classification?
- Similar to?
- Prevents?
- Hinge (flexion/extension)
- MP joints
- Hyperextension
Palmar aponeurosis:
- Location (insertion, continuous with ___)
- Bridges center of the palm of the hand
- Receives insertion for palmaris longus
- Continuous with distal end of flexor retinaculum
Palmar fascia
- Palmar aponeurosis ____
- Location (medial/lateral to?)
- Forms the?
- Insertion?
- Contains?
- Medial and lateral side send septa to attach to 3rd and 5th metacarpal
- Medial to thenar muscles, lateral to the hypothenar ones
- Central palmar compartment
- Long flexor muscles, short muscles, arterial arches, branches of median and ulnar nerves
