The Handmaid’s Tale Flashcards
(49 cards)
What is Rhythm 0?
Who performed it?
In what year and place did this take place?
A six-hour endurance art performance where the artist stood motionless with a sign saying the audience could use the 72 objects on the table in front of her in any way they wanted to and she would not move. These objects including harmless items such as a feather and bread and dangerous items such as a knife and gun. The audience was hesitant and respectful at first but as they gained more confidence they touched her intimately, cut off her clothes and even slashed her throat to allow someone to suck her blood and loaded a gun and held it to her head, attempting to pull the trigger with her own finger before another intervened. When after 6 hours she moved, the audience fled.
Marina Ambramović
Naples, 1974
What is Atwood’s famous quote about the fears of men and women?
“Men are afraid that women will laugh at them. Women are afraid that men will kill them.”
Name 3 dystopias and give one way each of them link to the Handmaid’s Tale
- 1984 - Newspeak + unwomen and unbaby and Atwood’s article ‘Double-plus unfree’
- The Hunger Games - Romance in the face of strict governmental control
- Fahrenheit 451 - Book Burning + Offred’s mother in WAP Movement in chapter 20
What is Decree 770?
Which country introduced this law?
When was this law introduced and abolished?
A law banning contraception and abortion and making a regular gynecological exams and menstruation and pregnancy tracking mandatory. As a result, there was a sharp rise in births, but also a massive increase in maternal deaths due to unsafe illegal abortions and many children were born into poverty and ended up in state orphanages, which became infamous for inhumane conditions.
Romania
1966 - 1989
Which of Atwood’s quotes can be used to make context more relevant and impactful to your point?
“It’s based on real events. Everything in the book has happened somewhere at some time. I made nothing up.”
What is the ERA?
Who debated the ERA? When and where did this happen?
How is this relevant to both our time and Atwood’s
The Equal Rights Amendment - a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex
Betty Friedan (author of the Feminine Mystique) and Phylis Schlafly who argued the ERA would dismantle traditional gender roles - debated on Good Morning America, aired in 1976
Atwood wrote the novel shortly after the failure of the ERA, during a conservative backlash against feminism. The ERA is yet to be written into the constitution even today.
What quote from a critic can be used for the exploitation of religion for personal gain?
“Marketing of God… for purposes of the elite” - Professor Linda Woodhead
In which year’s edition of the novel can you find Atwood’s introduction to the Handmaid’s Tale?
What quotes can you use from this?
2017
‘repurposed buildings’
‘women will gang up on other women’
Who was the President of the USA during the time The Handmaid’s Tale was written?
When did he serve?
Ronald Reagan
Reagan served from 1981 to 1989.
Give 4 key characteristics of Reagan’s presidency?
- Tax cuts
- Increased defense spending
- Reduced spending on social and public services
- Anti-Communism
What ideology did President Reagan emphasize during his presidency?
Conservatism and ‘family values’
Alluding to the traditional, heterosexual, nuclear family.
Who came up with the Psychology of Evil?
What did he discover?
Zimbardo
- Evil of inaction
- Those who can exert power over others will do so
- Power of institution influences individual behaviour (blind obedience, diffusion of responsibility, dehumanisation in anonymity)
- Heroic deviance
List 5 conventions of dystopia
- Loss of individuality
- Governmental Control
- Survival
- Surveillance
- Romance
Who coined the term ‘choice overload’?
What does this mean and how can it link to the Handmaid’s Tale?
Alvin Toffler
“We were a society dying, said Aunt Lydia, of too much choice.”
Choice overload in Handmaid’s can also link to the inertia of inaction, making no choices at all because there are too many options
“It’s the choice that terrifies me.” - C11 THT
Who came up with the Male Gaze Theory?
In what year?
Laura Mulvey, 1975
In what periods of history have children been removed from their parents?
- Chinese cultural revolution - children of the bourgeoisie forcibly removed and adopted by communists
- Nazi Germany
- The Child Welfare League of America - The ‘Indian Adoption Project’ 1958
How did Atwood responded to claims that The Handmaid’s Tale is ‘anti-religion’?
She said, “The book is not ‘anti-religion. It is against the use of religion as a front for tyranny.”
What is Schrödinger’s Cat?
When did he come up with this idea?
1935
The idea of superposition - The cat is both dead and alive at the same time if you have not opened the box with a the cat and poison inside to check
What is Three-Mile Island? When did this happen?
1979
The most serious nuclear accident in American history
The nuclear power facility released nuclear chemicals into the atmosphere - children developed mental and physical difficulties and people suffered from cancer in the surrounding area as a result
In what year was Roe v Wade overturned? How does this link to THT?
2022
Renewed relevance for THT today
What are ‘snuff films’?
Pornography that involves the murder of the woman
What is ‘Take Back the Night’? When did this take place?
A still continuing campaign and movement against violence against women
The first Take Back the Night march was in San Francisco in 1978 to protest violence against women and particularly sexual assault
What is ‘performative masculinity’?
Who proposed this theory and when did they do so?
Argues that masculinity, like gender in general, is not an inherent, natural state but rather a social construct that is created and maintained through repeated actions and behaviors. This “performance” of masculinity, according to Butler, produces the very identity it is purported to reflect. It’s not simply about acting like a man; it’s about the doing of masculinity, the repeated acts that constitute and reinforce the notion of what it means to be a man
Judith Butler 1990
Who is Ruth Kalder?
What was the man’s name?
In what year did the interview take place?
In what chapter of THT is Ruth Kalder referred to?
Ruth Kalder was the mistress of a Nazi named Amon Goeth who was the commandant of Plaszow concentration camp. She remained loyal to the Amon Goeth, she always had a photograph of him in her room. Goeth was notoriously sadistic - known to shoot Jewish people at random or every 10th in a line
She was interviewed about Amon Goeth in 1983 and described him as charming, saying she never regretted being his mistress. She described how ‘everybody liked him’. She committed suicide the day after the interview.
This is referred to in C24 of THT