The Handmaid’s Tale Flashcards

(49 cards)

1
Q

What is Rhythm 0?
Who performed it?
In what year and place did this take place?

A

A six-hour endurance art performance where the artist stood motionless with a sign saying the audience could use the 72 objects on the table in front of her in any way they wanted to and she would not move. These objects including harmless items such as a feather and bread and dangerous items such as a knife and gun. The audience was hesitant and respectful at first but as they gained more confidence they touched her intimately, cut off her clothes and even slashed her throat to allow someone to suck her blood and loaded a gun and held it to her head, attempting to pull the trigger with her own finger before another intervened. When after 6 hours she moved, the audience fled.

Marina Ambramović

Naples, 1974

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2
Q

What is Atwood’s famous quote about the fears of men and women?

A

“Men are afraid that women will laugh at them. Women are afraid that men will kill them.”

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3
Q

Name 3 dystopias and give one way each of them link to the Handmaid’s Tale

A
  • 1984 - Newspeak + unwomen and unbaby and Atwood’s article ‘Double-plus unfree’
  • The Hunger Games - Romance in the face of strict governmental control
  • Fahrenheit 451 - Book Burning + Offred’s mother in WAP Movement in chapter 20
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4
Q

What is Decree 770?
Which country introduced this law?
When was this law introduced and abolished?

A

A law banning contraception and abortion and making a regular gynecological exams and menstruation and pregnancy tracking mandatory. As a result, there was a sharp rise in births, but also a massive increase in maternal deaths due to unsafe illegal abortions and many children were born into poverty and ended up in state orphanages, which became infamous for inhumane conditions.

Romania

1966 - 1989

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5
Q

Which of Atwood’s quotes can be used to make context more relevant and impactful to your point?

A

“It’s based on real events. Everything in the book has happened somewhere at some time. I made nothing up.”

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6
Q

What is the ERA?
Who debated the ERA? When and where did this happen?
How is this relevant to both our time and Atwood’s

A

The Equal Rights Amendment - a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex

Betty Friedan (author of the Feminine Mystique) and Phylis Schlafly who argued the ERA would dismantle traditional gender roles - debated on Good Morning America, aired in 1976

Atwood wrote the novel shortly after the failure of the ERA, during a conservative backlash against feminism. The ERA is yet to be written into the constitution even today.

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7
Q

What quote from a critic can be used for the exploitation of religion for personal gain?

A

“Marketing of God… for purposes of the elite” - Professor Linda Woodhead

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8
Q

In which year’s edition of the novel can you find Atwood’s introduction to the Handmaid’s Tale?
What quotes can you use from this?

A

2017
‘repurposed buildings’
‘women will gang up on other women’

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9
Q

Who was the President of the USA during the time The Handmaid’s Tale was written?
When did he serve?

A

Ronald Reagan

Reagan served from 1981 to 1989.

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10
Q

Give 4 key characteristics of Reagan’s presidency?

A
  • Tax cuts
  • Increased defense spending
  • Reduced spending on social and public services
  • Anti-Communism
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11
Q

What ideology did President Reagan emphasize during his presidency?

A

Conservatism and ‘family values’

Alluding to the traditional, heterosexual, nuclear family.

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12
Q

Who came up with the Psychology of Evil?
What did he discover?

A

Zimbardo

  • Evil of inaction
  • Those who can exert power over others will do so
  • Power of institution influences individual behaviour (blind obedience, diffusion of responsibility, dehumanisation in anonymity)
  • Heroic deviance
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13
Q

List 5 conventions of dystopia

A
  • Loss of individuality
  • Governmental Control
  • Survival
  • Surveillance
  • Romance
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14
Q

Who coined the term ‘choice overload’?
What does this mean and how can it link to the Handmaid’s Tale?

A

Alvin Toffler

“We were a society dying, said Aunt Lydia, of too much choice.”
Choice overload in Handmaid’s can also link to the inertia of inaction, making no choices at all because there are too many options
“It’s the choice that terrifies me.” - C11 THT

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15
Q

Who came up with the Male Gaze Theory?
In what year?

A

Laura Mulvey, 1975

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16
Q

In what periods of history have children been removed from their parents?

A
  • Chinese cultural revolution - children of the bourgeoisie forcibly removed and adopted by communists
  • Nazi Germany
  • The Child Welfare League of America - The ‘Indian Adoption Project’ 1958
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17
Q

How did Atwood responded to claims that The Handmaid’s Tale is ‘anti-religion’?

A

She said, “The book is not ‘anti-religion. It is against the use of religion as a front for tyranny.”

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18
Q

What is Schrödinger’s Cat?
When did he come up with this idea?

A

1935

The idea of superposition - The cat is both dead and alive at the same time if you have not opened the box with a the cat and poison inside to check

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19
Q

What is Three-Mile Island? When did this happen?

A

1979

The most serious nuclear accident in American history
The nuclear power facility released nuclear chemicals into the atmosphere - children developed mental and physical difficulties and people suffered from cancer in the surrounding area as a result

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20
Q

In what year was Roe v Wade overturned? How does this link to THT?

A

2022

Renewed relevance for THT today

21
Q

What are ‘snuff films’?

A

Pornography that involves the murder of the woman

22
Q

What is ‘Take Back the Night’? When did this take place?

A

A still continuing campaign and movement against violence against women
The first Take Back the Night march was in San Francisco in 1978 to protest violence against women and particularly sexual assault

23
Q

What is ‘performative masculinity’?
Who proposed this theory and when did they do so?

A

Argues that masculinity, like gender in general, is not an inherent, natural state but rather a social construct that is created and maintained through repeated actions and behaviors. This “performance” of masculinity, according to Butler, produces the very identity it is purported to reflect. It’s not simply about acting like a man; it’s about the doing of masculinity, the repeated acts that constitute and reinforce the notion of what it means to be a man

Judith Butler 1990

24
Q

Who is Ruth Kalder?
What was the man’s name?
In what year did the interview take place?

In what chapter of THT is Ruth Kalder referred to?

A

Ruth Kalder was the mistress of a Nazi named Amon Goeth who was the commandant of Plaszow concentration camp. She remained loyal to the Amon Goeth, she always had a photograph of him in her room. Goeth was notoriously sadistic - known to shoot Jewish people at random or every 10th in a line

She was interviewed about Amon Goeth in 1983 and described him as charming, saying she never regretted being his mistress. She described how ‘everybody liked him’. She committed suicide the day after the interview.

This is referred to in C24 of THT

25
What is televangelism?
Televangelism is the practice of using television, and sometimes radio, to broadcast religious messages, often to promote a specific form of Christianity and raise funds for religious organizations
26
What is Freud’s penis envy idea? In what chapter of THT is there a play on this idea?
Freud believed that when female children realise they lack a penis they feel ‘castrated’ in comparison to males. Freud believed this is a pivotal moment in female sexual development and can lead to mental illness Chapter 29 - “Pen Is Envy”
27
What does the term ‘untermenschen’ mean?
This is the term used by Nazis to refer to Jewish people It means ‘sub-human’ and became a justification for genocide
28
What is the main convention of Canadian literature? Who stated this?
Survival Margaret Atwood - she wrote a book on it
29
What award encouraged bearing Aryan children in Nazi Germany?
The Cross of the German Mother
30
What is the contextual significance of Moira wearing bunny ears and a tail in Jezebel’s?
Links to Playboy Mansion in the 1960s Playboy Hugh Hefner said he chose the bunny “because it’s a fresh animal, shy, vivacious, jumping - sexy.”
31
What is bonding and estranging? Who came up with this idea?
James Phelan's theory of unreliable narration distinguishes between "estranging unreliability" and "bonding unreliability" to better understand how authors use unreliable narrators to affect readers' relationships with the text and the real world. Estranging unreliability creates distance between the narrator and the implied audience, while bonding unreliability fosters a closer connection
32
Which dystopian novel can be linked to the use of drugs and sedatives for oppression?
A Clockwork Orange In the novel, drugs play a significant role, primarily in the context of the Ludovico Technique, a forced conditioning treatment
33
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about sexuality? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“I enjoy the power; power of a dog bone.” - C4 “To be seen - to be seen - is to be - penetrated. What you must be, girls, is impenetrable" - C5 “Men and women tried each-other on, casually, like suits” - C9 “Maybe boredom is erotic, when women do it, for men.” - C13 “Nobody dies from lack of sex. It’s lack of love we die from.” - C18 “Women kneeling, sucking penises or guns, women tied up or chained or with dog collars around their necks, women hanging from trees, or upside-down, naked, with their legs held apart, women being raped, beaten up, killed.” - C20 “Why are rabbits supposed to be sexually attractive to men?” - C37
34
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about relationships between women? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“She looked disgusting: weak, squirmy, blotchy, pink, like a newborn mouse. None of us wanted to look like that ever. For a moment, even though we knew what was being done to her, we despised her. / Crybaby. Crybaby. Crybaby. We meant it, which is the bad part.” - C13 “We make her salivate morally. We are hers to define. We must suffer her adjectives.” - C19 “You wanted a women’s culture. Well now there is one. It isn’t what you meant but it exists. Be thankful.” - C21 “You could’ve left me something.” - C45 “Control of the indigenous by members of their own group.” - HN
35
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about power imbalances between men and women? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“I enjoy the power; power of a dog bone.” - C4 “Nolite te bastardes carborundorum.” - C15 ”Remember that forgiveness too is power…maybe it’s about who can do what to whom and be forgiven for it.” - C23 “Maybe he even likes it. We are not each other’s anymore. Instead, I am his.” - C28 “He stops at the foot, his fingers encircling the ankle, briefly, like a bracelet, where the tattoo is, a braille he can read, a cattle brand. It means ownership.” - C39
36
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about governmental control? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“There is more than one kind of freedom… Freedom to and freedom from. Don’t underrate it.” - C5 “Ordinary, said Aunt Lydia, is what you are used to…it will become ordinary.” - C6 “Nothing changed instantaneously: in a gradually heating bathtub you’d be boiled to death before you knew it.” - C10 "A rat in a maze is free to go anywhere, as long as it stays inside the maze." - C27 "Better never means better for everyone... It always means worse, for some." - C32
37
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about rebellion? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“Some deal made…we still had our bodies. That was our fantasy.” - C1 “Ignoring isn’t the same as ignorance, you have to work at it.” - C10 “She’d set herself loose. She was now a loose woman.” - C22 “The pen between my fingers is sensuous, alive almost, I can feel its power, the power of the words it contains.” - C29 “Nolite te bastardes carborundorum. Fat lot of good it did her, why fight?” - C35 “What I hear in her voice is indifference, a lack of volition.” - C38
38
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about identity? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“Waste not, want not. I am not being wasted. Why do I want? - C2 “The colour of blood which defines us.” - C2 “I’m a mirage, fading before their eyes.” - C15 “I feel like the word shatter.” - C16 “We are hers to define.” - C19 “We are two-legged wombs, that’s all: sacred vessels, ambulatory chalices.” - C23 “He stops at the foot, his fingers encircling the ankle, briefly, like a bracelet, where the tattoo is, a braille he can read, a cattle brand. It means ownership.” - C39
39
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about time? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“We yearned for the future. How did we learn it, that talent for insatiability” - C1 “There is more than one kind of freedom… Freedom to and freedom from.” - C5 “Ordinary, said Aunt Lydia, is what you are used to. This may not seem ordinary to you now, but after a time it will. It will become ordinary.” - C6 “Nothing changes instantaneously: in a gradually heating bathtub, you’d be boiled to death before you knew it.” - C10
40
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about language? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“Blessed be the fruit.” - C4 “Nolite te bastardes carborundorum.” - C15 “My tongue felt thick with the effort of spelling. It was like using a language I’d once known but had nearly forgotten.” - C25 “The pen between my fingers is sensuous, alive almost, I can feel its power, the power of the words it contains.” - C29 “Pen is Envy” - C29
41
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about religion? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“Blessed are the meek. She didn’t go on to say anything about inheriting the earth.” - C12 “The Bible is kept locked up, the way people once kept tea locked up, so the servants wouldn’t steal it.” - C15 “We make her salivate morally.” - C19 “God is a national resource.” - C33
42
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about Moira? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“Underwhore party” - C10 “Moira had power now, she’d been set loose, she’d set herself loose. She was now a loose woman.” - C22 “Moira was our fantasy.” - C22 “What I hear in her voice is indifference, a lack of volition.” - C38
43
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about Aunt Lydia? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“There is more than one kind of freedom,” said Aunt Lydia. “Freedom to and freedom from. In the days of anarchy, it was freedom to. Now you are being given freedom from. Don’t underrate it.” - C5 To be seen—to be seen—is to be penetrated. What you must be, girls, is impenetrable.” - C5 “Ordinary, said Aunt Lydia, is what you are used to. This may not seem ordinary to you now, but after a time it will. It will become ordinary.” - C6 “For our purposes your feet and your hands are not essential.” - C13 “We make her salivate morally. We are hers to define. we must suffer her adjectives.” - C19
44
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about Nick? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“He’s just that: impassive, inscrutable.” - C4 “Cap is tilted at a jaunty angle…cigarette…black market” - C4 “He winks” - C4 “He’s so close that the tip of his boot is touching my foot. Is this a message, a sign of something?” “Moves his foot so it’s touching mine again” - C14 “I want to reach up, taste his skin, he makes me hungry.” - C17 “Does it fill him with disgust, or make him want more of me? Want me more?” - C28 “I make of him an idol” - C41
45
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about Serena Joy? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“I am a reproach to her; and a necessity.” - C3 “It’s not the husbands you have to watch out for, said Aunt Lydia, it’s the wives…try to feel for them.” - C6 “She doesn’t make speeches anymore. She has become speechless.” - C8 “Saint Serena, on her knees, doing penance.” - C25 “You could’ve left me something” - C45
46
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about the commander? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“He looks over us as if taking inventory.” - “C15 “The watching is a curiously sexual act, and I feel undressed while he does it.” - C29 “That’s not real Latin he says, that’s just a joke.” - C29 “You know what they were complaining about the most? Inability to feel. Men were turning off on sex, even.” - C32 “Better never means better for everyone, he says. It always means worse for some.” - C32 “He stops at the foot, his fingers encircling the ankle, briefly, like a bracelet, where the tattoo is, a braille he can read, a cattle brand. It means ownership.” - C39
47
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about Ofglen? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“Doubled, I walk the street” - C5 “It occurs to me that she may be a spy, a plant, sent to trap me.” - C27 “Don’t be stupid. He wasn’t a rapist at all, he was a political. He was one of ours. I knocked him out. Put him out of his misery.” - C43 “She died that I may live.” - C45
48
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about Janine? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“She looked disgusting: weak, squirmy, blotchy, pink, like a newborn mouse. None of us wanted to look like that ever. For a moment, even though we knew what was being done to her, we despised her. / Crybaby. Crybaby. Crybaby. We meant it, which is the bad part.” - C13 “whiny bitch” - C21 “By that time Janine was like a puppy that’s been kicked too often, by too many people, at random: she’d roll over for anyone.” - C22 “Her eyes were open, but they didn’t see me at all. They were rounded, wide, and her teeth, she was whispering to herself.” - C33
49
What quotes from The Handmaid’s Tale could be used in a question about Luke? Give at least 2 examples and include chapters
“Luke was still in flight from his wife.” - C9 “Before we were married and I solidified” - C9 “He teased her by pretending to be macho, he'd tell her women were incapable of abstract thought.” - C20 “Chauvinist pig, she’d say. Isn’t she quaint, Luke would say to me…Piglet, I should have said.” - C20 “He doesn't mind it at all. Maybe he even likes it. We are not each other's, anymore. Instead, I am his.” - C28 “I sense in him none of the animosity I used to sense in men, even in Luke sometimes. He's not saying bitch in his head.” - C29