The Hip Flashcards
(30 cards)
bones that make up the pelvis and hip joint
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Iliac crest
public tubercle
posterior superior iliac spine
ischial tuberosity, acetabulum
lunate surface
Learning muscles
Action – useful way to group muscles
Origin – Where it starts
Insertion – Where it ends
Innervation – Which nerve switches it on
Remember muscles are simple things, they
can only get shorter or longer
hip flexors
- Iliacus
- Psoas Major
- Rectus Femoris
- Pectineus
- Sartorius
iliacus (flexors)
Origin: Iliac crest; superior two thirds of iliac fossa; ala of sacrum; anterior sacroiliac ligaments.
Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur, via tendon of psoas major.
Action: Flexes thigh at hip joint; flexes trunk.
Innervation: Femoral nerve
psoas major (flexor)
Origin: Transverse processes of L1-L5 vertebrae, vertebral bodies of T12-L5 vertebrae, and adjacent intervertebral discs.
Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur.
Action: Flexes thigh at hip joint; flexes trunk.
Innervation: Anterior rami of first, second, and third lumbar nerves.
rectus femoris (flexor)
Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine and supraacetabular groove of ilium.
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity, via tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle and patellar ligament.
Action: Extends leg at knee joint; flexes thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Femoral nerve
pectineus (flexor)
Origin: Superior pubic ramus.
Insertion: Pectineal line of femur.
Action: Adducts and flexes thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Femoral (L2-L3) and obturator (L2-L3) nerves.
sartorius (flexor)
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine.
Insertion: Medial aspect of proximal part of tibia.
Action: Flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint; assists in flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Femoral nerve
Hip extensors
- Gluteus Maximus
- Hamstrings
- Biceps femoris (Long head)
- Semitendinosus
- Semimembranosus
Gluteus Maximus (extensor)
Origin: Area of ilium located posterior to its posterior gluteal line, posterior aspects of sacrum and coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament.
Insertion: Tubercle of iliotibial tract on the tibia, via iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur.
Action: Extends, laterally rotates, and abducts thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
Bicep femoris (long head) (extensor)
Origin: Ischial tuberosity.
Insertion: Head of fibula.
Action: Flexes and laterally rotates leg at knee joint; extends thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Tibial division of sciatic nerve
Semitendinosus (extensor)
Origin: Ischial tuberosity.
Insertion: Medial aspect of proximal part of tibia.
Action: Flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint; extends thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Tibial division of sciatic nerve
Semimembranosus (extensor)
Origin: Ischial tuberosity.
Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia.
Action: Flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint; extends thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Tibial division of sciatic nerve
hip abductors
- Gluteus medius
- Gluteus minimus
- Tensor fascia latae
Gluteus Medius (abductors)
Origin: Area of ilium located between anterior and posterior gluteal lines.
Insertion: Lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur.
Action: Medially rotates and abducts thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Gluteus Minimus (abductors)
Origin: Area of ilium located between anterior and inferior gluteal lines.
Insertion: Anterolateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur.
Action: Medially rotates and abducts thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Tensor Fascia Latae (abductors)
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine and anterior one third of outer lip of iliac crest.
Insertion: Tubercle of iliotibial tract on the tibia, via iliotibial tract.
Action: Assists in medial rotation, abduction, and flexion of thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Hip adductors
- Adductor brevis
- Adductor longus
- Adductor magnus
- Gracilis
- Pectineus
Adductor brevis (adductor)
Origin: Body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus.
Insertion: Proximal one third of medial lip of linea aspera of femur.
Action: Adducts thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Anterior branch of obturator nerve
Adductor longus (adductor)
Origin: Anterior surface of body of pubis.
Insertion: Middle one third of linea aspera of femur.
Action: Adducts thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Anterior branch of obturator nerve
Adductor magnus (adductor)
Origin: Inferior pubic ramus, ramus of ischium, and ischial tuberosity.
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, and adductor tubercle.
Action: Adducts, flexes, and extends thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L4) and tibial division of sciatic nerve
Gracilis (adductor)
Origin: Body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus.
Insertion: Medial aspect of proximal part of tibia.
Action: Flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint; assists in adduction of thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Obturator nerve
Hip external (lateral) rotators
- Gluteus maximus
- Gluteus medius (posterior part)
- Piriformis
- Obturator internus
- Obturator externus
- Quadratus femoris
- Gemellus inferior
- Gemellus superior
Gluteus maximus
Origin: Area of ilium located posterior to its posterior gluteal line, posterior aspects of sacrum and coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament.
Insertion: Tubercle of iliotibial tract on the tibia, via iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur.
Action: Extends, laterally rotates, and abducts thigh at hip joint.
Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
