The Holocaust

Question 1

What is Anti-Semitism?

Answer 1

Prejudice against Jews

Question 2

Overview of the Holocaust

Answer 2

When the Nazi’s murdered 6 million Jews

Question 3

What does Holocaust mean in Jewish?

Answer 3

Shoah

Question 4

Pre-Holocaust Germany

Answer 4

0.75% Jewish. Belonged to all classes of German society

Question 5

What is the Reichtag?

Answer 5

German Parliament

Question 6

How did Hitler make Germany a one party nation?

Answer 6

The Nazi party won 37% of all votes. Hitler demanded to become Chancellor. He then turned Germany into a one party state, and once the president died a few months later, Hitler combined the role of chancellor and president

Question 7

What is an Aryan?

Answer 7

Tall, with light brown or blonde hair
and blue or light-coloured eyes

Question 8

What is Untermenschen?

Answer 8

Sub-humans

Question 9

Who were sub-human in Hitler’s eyes

Answer 9

Russians, Poles and Serbs (Slavic people)

Question 10

Who were unworthy of life according to Hitler?

Answer 10

Criminals, homosexuals, the mentally ill, gypsies and, especially, Jews

Question 11

What are Eugenics?

Answer 11

Trying to reproduce only the master race

Question 12

How did the Nazis propagate their ideas?

Answer 12

Taught them as scientific fact, encouraged people to be proud of being part of the aryan race and be fearful of the Jews

Question 13

When did the Reichstag catch on fire?

Answer 13

27 January

Question 14

Why did the Reichstag catch on fire?

Answer 14

A Communist activist, Martin van der Lubbe confessed to starting the fire

Question 15

Impact of the Reichstag arson?

Answer 15

Gave Hitler the excuse to claim that
Germany’s Communists were trying to destroy the government. Led to the arrest of leaders of the German
Communist Party (KPD) and any of its
members who were candidates in the
forthcoming elections

Question 16

What is the Enabling Bill?

Answer 16

A bill that Hitler passed that basically let his government be a dictatorship

Question 17

What was the other bill that passed in this time?

Answer 17

Banned all other political parties

Question 18

When were the Nuremberg laws passed?

Answer 18

15 September 1935

Question 19

What was contained in the Nuremberg Laws?

Answer 19

Denied Jewish citizen and voting rights, and created distinction between full blood Germans, mixed, and full blood Jews

Question 20

Main premis of the Nuremberg Laws?

Answer 20

Anyone with four non-Jewish grandparents was German; anyone with three or four Jewish grandparents – regardless of whether or not the person themselves practised Judaism – was Jewish.
The mixed were those with one or two Jewish grandparents.

Question 21

Miscellaneous rules in the Nuremberg Laws

Answer 21

Outlawed:
* Marriage between Jews and
those of ‘German blood’
* Sex between Jews and those of
German blood
* The employment of German
maids under the age of 45 in a
Jewish household
* Jews flying the national flag

Question 22

Significance of the Nuremberg Laws?

Answer 22

Created a broad definition of who was Jewish that did not necessarily relate to whether or not they practised the Jewish religion

Question 23

Goal of the Berlin Olympics

Answer 23

To demonstrate the supremacy of the Aryan Germans

Question 24

Why couldn’t the Germans fully ban Jews from the games?

Answer 24

The United States and other nations threatened to boycott the Games

Question 25

Response to boycott threat

Answer 25

They removed signs saying ‘Jews not welcome’ from public buildings and allowed one Jewish competitor, fencing champion Helene Mayer, to represent Germany

Question 26

Why did Jews decide to stay in Germany?

Answer 26

Don't have much you can take with you, you do not speak another language, and cannot find another country that will take you. Between 1933 and 1934, at least 23 000 Jews left, but then 10,000 returned

Question 27

When was the Kristallnacht?

Answer 27

September 1938

Question 28

Context of the Kristallnacht

Answer 28

* Nazis were talking about carrying out a ‘public punishment’ of the Jews. * They then began to increase the number and intensity of their attacks on Jews * A murder in Paris gave them the excuse to go further.

Question 29

What was the murder in Paris?

Answer 29

A 17 year old Jewish student shot a German diplomat

Question 30

Why did the Jew shoot the German?

Answer 30

To avenge his parents that had been expelled from Germany

Question 31

Nazi response to the murder in Paris

Answer 31

Used the incident to publicize that the Jews had "fired the first shot" in a war on Germany

Question 32

What does Kristallnacht mean?

Answer 32

Night of the broken glass

Question 33

What was the Kistallnacht?

Answer 33

A series of Nazi-organised pogroms that unleashed 24 hours of violence in cities throughout Germany, Austria and the Sudetenland

Question 34

What is a pogrom?

Answer 34

Organised, and often government approved, violent attacks on people of a minority group

Question 35

Order of events of the Kristallnacht

Answer 35

* attacked Jews and killed them * trashed and looted Jewish businesses * set fire to synagogues and destroyed them * set fire to Jewish homes * damaged hospitals and schools * desecrated Jewish graves *Sent to concentration camps

Question 36

Significance of the Kristallnacht

Answer 36

* Marked a new stage in the German anti-Semitism * Nazis had shown that they were ready to subject Jews to a widespread campaign of physical abuse * Showed that Jews living under Nazi rule were no longer physically safe

Question 37

Ordinary citizens' response to all of this

Answer 37

* Demanded an end to the violence. * Many people were horrified by what they had witnessed