The Human Body & Cells and Tissues

Question 1

Study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as heart, lungs, kidneys

Answer 1

Gross Anatomy

Question 2

Studies the function of the body, how the body parts work and carry out their life - sustaining activities.

Answer 2

Physiology

Question 3

Types of Physiology (Give 3)

Answer 3

• Renal Physiology
• Neurophysiology
• Cardiovascular physiology

Question 4

The set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions.

Answer 4

Catabolism

Question 5

Causes of Homeostatic Balance

Answer 5

1. Aging
2. Diseases

Question 6

What is the anatomical term for the chin?

Answer 6

Mental Region

Question 7

What is a sereous fluid?

Answer 7

it is a lubricating fluid that separates the serosa

Question 8

A concentration measurement in the blood (glucose, cholesterol, electrolytes)

Answer 8

Miligrams/ deciliter (mg/dL)

Question 9

An inability of the body to restore a functional, stable internal enviroment.

Answer 9

Homeostatic Imbalance

Question 10

Types of Body Positions (3)

Answer 10

• Anatomical
• Prone
• Supine

Question 11

deals with structures to small to be seen by the naked eye (cytology, histology)

Answer 11

Microscopic

Question 12

What is the Buccal region in layman’s term?

Answer 12

Cheek

Question 13

any element or compound equal to its molecular weight in
grams

Answer 13

Mole

Question 14

Ability of the body to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even
though the outside world changes continuously.

Answer 14

Homeostatis

Question 15

Studies the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another.

Answer 15

Anatomy

Question 16

Anatomical term for underarm

Answer 16

Axillary

Question 17

Study of the chemical composition and
reactions of living matter.

Answer 17

Biochemistry

Question 18

is a partially T-shaped vertical bone that forms the anterior portion of the chest wall centrally.

Answer 18

sternum

Question 19

Anatomical term of the Eyes

Answer 19

Orbital Region

Question 20

double sugar, two monosaccharides joined by
dehydration synthesis (sucrose, lactose, maltose)

Answer 20

Disaccharides

Question 21

Modify, concentrate and package the proteins and lipids
Stacked, flattened membranous sacs associated with tiny
membranous vesicles

Answer 21

Golgi Apparatus

Question 22

Elaborate network of rods running through the cytosol and
hundreds of accessory proteins that link these rods to other
cell structures.

Answer 22

Cytoskeleton

Question 22

• Sites of protein synthesis
• Small-dark staining granules composed of proteins and RNA

Answer 22

Ribosomes

Question 23

• Powerplants of the cell, providing ATP supply.
• Lozenge-shaped organelles that contains its own DNA, RNA, ribosomes and able to reproduce themselves

Answer 23

Mitochondria

Question 24

a structural support network made up of diverse proteins, sugars and other components and responsible for the physical maintenance of cells

Answer 24

Extracellular Matrix

Question 25

Functions of the Connective Tissue ( 5 )

Answer 25

- BInding & Supporting - Protecting - Insulating - Storing reserve fuel - Transporting substances

Question 26

What is the endocrine gland?

Answer 26

Product hormones that enter the blood or lymphatic fluid to specific organs.

Question 27

What is the four (4) nucleotide bases.

Answer 27

1. Adenine 2. Cytosine 3. Guanine 4. Thymine

Question 28

diffuse directly through the lipid bilayer (usually small nonpolar molecules that readily dissolve in lipids)

Answer 28

Simple Diffusion

Question 29

Groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related function

Answer 29

Tissues

Question 30

sweeps up bits of cytoplasm and organelles into double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes then delivered to lysosomes for digestion

Answer 30

Autophagy "self-eatong"

Question 31

Has no blood vessels but supplied with nerve fibers.

Answer 31

Avascular But Innervated

Question 32

Part of the epithelial tissue with 2 or more layers, common in high abrasion area such as lining of the mouth and skin surface

Answer 32

Stratified

Question 33

Well-vascularized tissues that are responsible for most type of body movement

Answer 33

Muscle TIssue

Question 34

High specialized nerve cells that generate and conduct nerve impulses which enables them to 1) respond to stimuli, and 2) transmit electrical impulses

Answer 34

Neurons

Question 35

division of the nucleus, is the series of events that parcels out the replicated DNA of the parent cell to two daughter cells

Answer 35

Mitosis

Question 36

Continuous multicellular sheets composed of at least 2 primary tissue types (epithelium + connective tissue)

Answer 36

Membrane

Question 37

non-cellular, adhesive sheet consisting of glycoproteins that acts as a selective filter that determines which molecules are allowed to enter the epithelium.

Answer 37

Basal Lamina

Question 38

Smallest unit of life

Answer 38

Cells

Question 39

Functions of the Plasma Membrane (4)

Answer 39

- Physical Barrier - Selective Permeability - Communication - Cell Recognition