The Impact of WW1

Question 1

By 1918 are Germany in a good or bad situation and why

Answer 1

Bad
Huge food shortages
German citizens are unhappy and having to ration food and start to revolt

Question 2

Compare Britain and Germany by 1918

Answer 2

1918 Britain in very good situation- British Empire is the largest Empire in the world and has blocked off access to Germany via the North Sea
No food shortages so lots of food to feed army

1918 Germany in very bad situation- food shortages as can’t get food supplies in from ships so no food to feed army, citizens are unhappy and having to ration food and start to revolt

Question 3

When does the Kaiser of Germany abdicate

Answer 3

9th November 1918

Question 4

What happens after the Kaiser abdicates on 9th November 1918

Answer 4

Ebert declares a new Republic
On 11th November Ebert and the new government agree to the armistice (ceasefire) which ends combat (the war)

Question 5

Why is the Weimar Republic called the ‘Weimar’ republic

Answer 5

They met in the town of Weimar (Berlin is dangerous as not all Germans welcomed the new republic)

Question 6

2 key weaknesses of the Weimar Republic

Answer 6

Article 48
Proportional representation

Question 7

What does Article 48 mean

Answer 7

During an ‘emergency’ the President can rule by Presidential Decree so can make his own rules and laws without approval from the Reichstag

Question 8

What does proportional representation mean

Answer 8

Seats in Reichstag rewarded as proportion of votes so hard to form democracy and pass laws

Question 9

Name for German Parliament

Answer 9

The Reichstag

Question 10

True or false, the Weimar Republic is democratic

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Formal agreement that ends WW1

Answer 11

Treaty of Versailles

Question 12

When was the Treaty of Versailles signed

Answer 12

June 1919

Question 13

Which 3 countries (and people) is the Big Three made up of

Answer 13

France (Clemenceau)
USA (Wilson)
Britain (Lloyd- George)

Question 14

What do each of the Big Three want out of the Treaty of Versailles for Germany

Answer 14

France (Clemenceau) want revenge
USA (Wilson) want peace
Britain (Lloyd- George) want compromise

Question 15

4 umbrella Terms of the Treaty of Versailles

Answer 15

Blame
Reparations
Armed forces
Territory

Question 16

How much did Germany have to pay in reparations as compensation to the allies under the Treaty of Versailles

Answer 16

£6,600 million

Question 17

Blame meaning in TofV

Answer 17

Germany had to accept blame for starting WW1 under War Guilt Clause (Article 231)

Question 18

What % land does Germany lose under TofV

Answer 18

13%

Question 19

5 key facts about territory for TofV

Answer 19

Germany lost 13% land
Germany demilitarise the Rhineland
Alsace Lorraine given back to France
Germany forbidden to unite with Austria
Germany lost the Polish corridor

Question 20

2 key facts about armed forces under the TofV

Answer 20

Germany reduce army to 100,000 men
Can only have 6 battleships in its Navy

Question 21

Under TofV what must Germany reduce its army to

Answer 21

100,000 men

Question 22

In 1919 what 2 key political groups was Europe divided into

Answer 22

Communism (equality)
Nationalism (strength)

Question 23

When was the Spartacists Uprising

Answer 23

January 1919

Question 24

Key facts about Spartacists Uprising

Answer 24

January 1919
Left Wing
Want equality
Want control over government and to lead a Communist Revolution
Ebert ordered the Freikorps (right Wing who disliked the Weimar but hated the right wing even more e.g Spartacists) to defend the government
Both leader (Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebnecht) killed
Uprising fails

Question 25

When was the Kapp Putsch

Answer 25

March 1920

Question 26

Key facts about Kapp Putsch

Answer 26

March 1920 Right Wing Want to form new government with Kapp as chancellor Putsch collapsed (Ebert ordered the people in Berlin to go on strike so the Putsch no longer had much support)

Question 27

Right Wing groups, parties, beliefs and leaders

Answer 27

Racial purity Hitler Nazis Freikorps Kapp Belief that only strong people in a nation should have a say

Question 28

Left Wing groups, beliefs, parties and leaders

Answer 28

Spartacists Communism Equality Karl Liebnecht Rosa Luxemburg

Question 29

How did Germans feel about the TofV

Answer 29

Most were unhappy- they had no say in it

Question 30

When did Germany announce they could no longer afford to pay back the reparations

Answer 30

1923

Question 31

When was the invasion of the Ruhr

Answer 31

1923

Question 32

Which 2 countries invade the Ruhr 1923

Answer 32

1923

Question 33

What is meant by payment in kind

Answer 33

When Germany announce they can no longer afford to pay back the reparations French and Belgium Soldiers invade the Ruhr valley (rich industrial area) to take goods instead that are worth lots of money e.g coal

Question 34

How did Workers in the Ruhr valley respond when French and Belgium soldiers invaded to take payment in kind 1923

Answer 34

Ordered to go on strike (passive resistance)

Question 35

How did the invasion of the Ruhr lead to hyperinflation

Answer 35

Workers ordered to go on strike (passive resistance) so economy was weakened with fewer goods being produced Government still want to pay workers so print money Workers spend money so Government keep printing more any more money until the value became worth so little

Question 36

3 groups of people who benefitted from hyperinflation

Answer 36

People who needed to pay of debts e.g businessmen Foreigners (could afford most things that ordinary people couldn't Farmers (food shortages = a rise in prices)

Question 37

Which group of people suffered most from hyperinflation

Answer 37

Those with savings (became worth nothing)/ fixed incomes