The importance of the Earl of Durham's appointment as High Commissioner; the roles of Charles Buller and Edward Gibbon Wakefield; the main recommendations and importance of the Durham Report. Flashcards Preview

Edexcel History A-Level (Paper 3, Option 35.1: Britain: losing and gaining an empire, 1763–1914)- Key Topic 3/ Learning from past mistakes: Canada and the Durham Report, 1837–40 > The importance of the Earl of Durham's appointment as High Commissioner; the roles of Charles Buller and Edward Gibbon Wakefield; the main recommendations and importance of the Durham Report. > Flashcards

Flashcards in The importance of the Earl of Durham's appointment as High Commissioner; the roles of Charles Buller and Edward Gibbon Wakefield; the main recommendations and importance of the Durham Report. Deck (24)
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1
Q

What was the role of Lord Durham in Canada?

A

High commissioner (he held executive power whilst in Canada)

2
Q

Which act did Lord Durham aid in terms of it being passed by Congress?

A

Great Reform Act

3
Q

For how long did Lord Durham’s mission last?

A

4 and a half months

4
Q

When was Lord Durham’s report published?

A

11 February 1839

5
Q

What was Lord Durham’s first act in Lower Canada?

A

Removal of old executive council (replaced by his staff temporarily); offered work to those who sought peaceful reform; allowed exercise in prison courtyards

6
Q

What did Lord Durham establish whilst in Canada?

A

The first police and appointed a Commission of Inquiry on Crown Lands and Emigration for all the British North American provinces

7
Q

What was Lord Durham’s decision regarding the prisoners of the attempted revolution?

A

Pardoned the majority and banished the most guilty to Bermuda (the idea of Charles Buller)

8
Q

What did Britain pass as a result of Lord Durham’s action regarding the political prisoners of the revolutions in Canada?

A

Bill of indemnity

9
Q

When did Lord Durham resign?

A

9 October 1838 (due to censure from London and Melbourne’s criticism of his actions)

10
Q

Who was the Prime Minister of Great Britain between 18 April 1835 – 30 August 1841?

A

The Viscount of Melbourne, William Lamb

11
Q

Who were two people heavily involved in the process of writing the Durham report?

A

Charles Buller and Gibbon Wakefield

12
Q

Who served as the commissioner for Crown Lands?

A

Charles Buller (supported by Wakefield)

13
Q

What were Buller and Wakefield largely attributed to in terms of the formation, not the writing, of the Durham report?

A

Interviewing a wide spectrum of Canadian society (including Robert Baldwin)

14
Q

What was the role of Edward Gibbon Wakefield?

A

Secretary to Lord Durham

15
Q

Which part of the Durham report is directly attributable to Wakefield?

A

The appendix on the Crown Lands and emigration (suggest a tax on wild lands and the proceeds to public works)

16
Q

Who influenced both Wakefield and Durham in the idea of unifying both provinces?

A

Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine

17
Q

What role did Charles Buller have?

A

Official secretary to Lord Durham

18
Q

What were the three recommendations of the Durham report?

A

Unification of Lower and Upper Canada; freedoms granted by the Quebec act should be rescinded; responsible government for the new province

19
Q

What did the Durham report leave out of the report?

A

Concerns for the indigenous population

20
Q

When was the recommendation that the two Canadas should be united introduced to the British parliament?

A

May 1839

21
Q

Who was sent after May 1839 to be Governor General and obtain consent for the unification of both Upper and Lower Canada?

A

Charles Poulett Thompson

22
Q

When was the Act of Union proclaimed in Montreal?

A

10 February 1841 (Upper Canada pleased because it relieve them of their debt)

23
Q

When was Responsible Government granted to Canada?

A

1848

24
Q

When was Responsible Government granted to Australia and New Zealand?

A

1850s