The Industrial Revolution

Question 1

Enclosure movement

Answer 1

The process of taking over and consolidating land formerly shared by peasant farmers

Question 2

Smelt

Answer 2

Separating iron from its ore

Question 3

Capital

Answer 3

Money used to invest in enterprises

Question 4

Enterprise

Answer 4

A business organization in an area such as shipping, mining, railroads, or factories

Question 5

Turnpike

Answer 5

Private roads built by entrepreneurs who charged travelers a toll to use them

Question 6

Putting out system

Answer 6

Cottage industry

Question 7

Urbanization and what caused it

Answer 7

The movement of people to cities. Changes in farming, soaring population, and increasing demand for workers

Question 8

Tenement

Answer 8

Multistory buildings divided into apartments

Question 9

Labor union and their goals

Answer 9

Workers organizations. Wanted workers rights

Question 10

Luddite movement

Answer 10

Smashed textile machines with sledgehammers and burned factories

Question 11

Methodism

Answer 11

Rekindling hope among the poor and forgiveness and a better life to come

Question 12

Utilitarianism

Answer 12

Goal of society should be “greatest happiness for the greatest number”

Question 13

Socialism

Answer 13

System in which people as a whole rather than private individuals own and operate the means of production

Question 14

Communism

Answer 14

System in which governments led by a small elite controlled all economic and political life

Question 15

Proletariat

Answer 15

Working class

Question 16

Social democracy

Answer 16

A political ideology in which there is a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism

Question 17

Dynamo

Answer 17

A machine that generates electricity

Question 18

Bessemer process

Answer 18

A new process of making steel from iron

Question 19

Anesthetic

Answer 19

A drug that prevents pain during surgery

Question 20

Impressionism

Answer 20

School of painting that tried to capture fleeting visual impressions

Question 21

Jethro Tull

Answer 21

Invented the seed drill

Question 22

Thomas Newcomen

Answer 22

Invented the steam engine

Question 23

Eli Whitney

Answer 23

Invented the cotton gin

Question 24

James Hargreaves

Answer 24

Invented the spinning jenny

Question 25

Richard Arkwright

Answer 25

Invented the water frame

Question 26

John Kay

Answer 26

Invented the flying shuttle

Question 27

James Watt

Answer 27

Improved Newcomen's steam engine

Question 28

John Wesley

Answer 28

Founded the methodist movement

Question 29

Adam Smith

Answer 29

Capitalism

Question 30

Thomas Malthus

Answer 30

Population would increase faster than the food supply

Question 31

David Ricardo

Answer 31

Laissez-faire economist

Question 32

Jeremy Bentham

Answer 32

Advocated utilitarianism

Question 33

John Stewart Mill

Answer 33

Individual freedom with government involvement

Question 34

Robert Owen

Answer 34

Set up a socialist community

Question 35

Karl Marx

Answer 35

Scientific socialism, haves and have nots

Question 36

Friedrich Engels

Answer 36

Teamed up with Marx

Question 37

William Cockerill

Answer 37

Opened factories in Belgium manufacturing spinning and weaving machines

Question 38

Robert Fulton

Answer 38

Invented the steamboat

Question 39

Henry Bessemer

Answer 39

Bessemer process

Question 40

Alfred Nobel

Answer 40

Invented dynamite

Question 41

Alessandro Volta

Answer 41

Developed the first battery

Question 42

Michael Faraday

Answer 42

Invented the dynamo

Question 43

Thomas Edison

Answer 43

Invented the lightbulb, phonograph, and motion picture camera

Question 44

Nikolaus Otto

Answer 44

Invented the internal combustion machine

Question 45

Karl Benz

Answer 45

First automobile with three wheels

Question 46

Gottlieb Daimler

Answer 46

First four wheel automobile

Question 47

Henry Ford

Answer 47

Utilized the assembly line

Question 48

Wilber and Orville Wright

Answer 48

Made an airplane

Question 49

Samuel Morse

Answer 49

Invented the telegraph

Question 50

Alexander Graham Bell

Answer 50

Invented the telephone

Question 51

Guglielmo Marconi

Answer 51

Invented the radio

Question 52

John D. Rockefeller

Answer 52

Standard Oil Company

Question 53

Louis Pasteur

Answer 53

Showed the link between microbes and disease

Question 54

Robert Koch

Answer 54

Identified bacterium that cause tuberculosis

Question 55

Florence Nightingale

Answer 55

World's first school of nursing

Question 56

Joseph Lister

Answer 56

How antiseptics prevent infection

Question 57

John Dalton

Answer 57

Modern atomic theory

Question 58

Dmitri Mendeleyev

Answer 58

Periodic table of elements

Question 59

Charles Lyell

Answer 59

Offered evidence that earth formed over millions of years

Question 60

Charles Darwin

Answer 60

Evolution, survival of the fittest, natural selection

Question 61

Lord Bryon

Answer 61

Larger than life figure

Question 62

Victor Hugo

Answer 62

Three Musketeers and Hunchback of Notre Dame

Question 63

Beethoven

Answer 63

Nine symphonies, many minor works

Question 64

Charles Dickens

Answer 64

Oliver Twist, portrayed lives of the working class

Question 65

Claude Monet

Answer 65

Painted one scene and then the same one at a different time of year

Question 66

Edgar Degas

Answer 66

Brushed strokes of color side by side without blending

Question 67

Georges Seurat

Answer 67

Pointilism

Question 68

Vincent van Gogh

Answer 68

Dreamlike quality

Question 69

Industrial Revolution

Answer 69

Period of change (second agricultural revolution)