The Integumentary System

Question 0

Band of epidermis at the base at the base and sides of the nail plate.

Answer 0

Cuticle

Question 1

One of the large dermal exocrine glands located in the axilla & genital areas. It secrets sweat that in action, is responsible for human body odor.

Answer 1

Apocrine sweat gland

Question 2

A fat cell

Answer 2

Lipocyte

Question 3

Major skin pigment, formed by the melanocytes in the epidermis.

Answer 3

Melanin

Question 4

Soft tissue surrounding the nail boarder.

Answer 4

Paronychium

Question 5

Oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands.

Answer 5

Sebum

Question 6

Innermost layer of skin, containing fat tissue.

Answer 6

Subcutaneous Layer

Question 7

Most number it’s exocrine, sweat producing gland in the skin.

Answer 7

Eccrine sweat gland

Question 8

What are the 4 main functions of the skin?

Answer 8

• Protection
• Body temperature control
• Sensation
• Formation of Vitamin D.

Question 9

What are the three categories for Protection of the skin?

Answer 9

• Physical
• Biological
• Chemical

Question 10

What is physical protection?

Answer 10

Skin keeps microorganisms out

Question 11

One of the categories for protection if the skin: Melanin in skin protects against excessive UV rays & decreases the loss of body water

Answer 11

Biological

Question 12

What is chemical protection of the skin?

Answer 12

An acidic philmylayer that acts as an antiseptic to prevent microorganism growth.

Question 13

What is the function of Body temperature control?

Answer 13

Heat is released through the skin when the temperatures are hot.

Question 14

What is the function of sensation?

Answer 14

Nerve endings job the skin provide the central nervous system with information on:

• temperature
• touch
• pressure
• pain

Question 15

How is Vitamin D formed in the skin?

Answer 15

The presence of sunlight stimulates Vitamin D production in the skin.

Question 16

What are the three layers of the skin?

Answer 16

• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Subcutaneous Tissue

Question 17

What is the subcutaneous layer?

Answer 17

Fat layer

Question 18

What are 3 components of the Dermis?

Answer 18

• Thickest layer is the skin
• Composed of strong connective tissue.
• Contain a rich supply of nerve fiber & blood vessels

Question 19

What are the 3 components of the epidermis?

Answer 19

• Outermost layer of the skin
• Composed of melanocytes
• Karatincytes (majority is cells)

Question 20

What is the function of a melanocyte?

Answer 20

Produce protection form UV rays

Question 21

What are the functions of the Karatincytes?

Answer 21

• Push upwards & dies when they reach the surface
• We loose millions everyday
• New epidermis forms every 23 to 24 hours.

Question 22

What are the three components of Melanin?

Answer 22

• The only pigment in the shin that contributes to color
• Everyone has the same amount of melanocytes.
• Differences in color due to the kind if melanin and how much is retained.

Question 23

What is Carotene?

Answer 23

• A yellow- orange pigment

- Most commonly found on palms of hands and soles of feet

Question 24

What is hemoglobin?

Answer 24

The pigment that gives Caucasians their pink tone.

Question 25

What are the two appendages in the skin?

Answer 25

- Sweat glands | - Sebaceous glands

Question 26

What are 3 characteristics of sebaceous glands?

Answer 26

- Found everywhere except on palms and soles. - Sebum keeps hair soft, skin moist, & kills bacteria - Acne is active inflammation of sebaceous glands

Question 27

What are three cause of acne?

Answer 27

1. Build up of bacteria in the skin 2. Over production of oil (sebum) 3. Irritation of hair follicles due to shedding of dead skin cells

Question 28

What are 2 non inflammatory and 4 inflammatory lesions that form from acne?

Answer 28

Non Inflammatory: 1. Black heads 2. White heads Inflammatory: 1. Pimples 2. Pastules 3. Nodules 4. Cysts

Question 29

What bacteria usually causes boils and where can it form?

Answer 29

- Staphylococcus Aureus | - Forms on skin, in nose, and broken skin

Question 30

Describe a boil.

Answer 30

- Red, painful swollen bump - development of a yellow tip fu of pus - can get to the size of a golf ball

Question 31

What are the causes of Folliculitis?

Answer 31

- Bacteria/ yeast | - Damage to hair follicles

Question 32

What are the symptoms of Folliculitis?

Answer 32

- Looks like a pimple with a hair in the middle | - Can drain blood or and puss

Question 33

What are the possible causes of Eczema?

Answer 33

- It's virtually unknown | - Suspected to be the result of a combo of dry/irritable skin and a malfunction of the immune system

Question 34

4 descriptions of eczema?

Answer 34

1. Red, brownish, or grey patches 2. Itchy small red bumps that may leak fluid and crust over when scratched 3. Thickened cracked scaly skin 4. Raw sensitive skin from scratching

Question 35

What is Herpes Zoster also known as?

Answer 35

Shingles

Question 36

What's Herpes Zoster caused by?

Answer 36

Deactivation of the same virus that causes Chickenpox.

Question 37

What are the three stages of shingles and their description?

Answer 37

1. Prodromal Stage- general pain 2. Active Stage- oozing blisters 3. Postherpeic Neuralgia- lingering pain that can last for years

Question 38

What is Tinea Pedis also known as?

Answer 38

Athletes Foot

Question 39

What is Tinea Pedis caused by?

Answer 39

A group of fungus called Dermatophytes.

Question 40

What are 3 symptoms of Tinea Pedis?

Answer 40

1. Dry flaking skin on the soles of the feet 2. Unpleasant odor 3. Small itchy blisters on the soles of the feet

Question 41

What is the common name for Tinea Corporis?

Answer 41

Ring Worm

Question 42

What is the cause of ring worm?

Answer 42

A fungus that can spread from animal/ person to person.

Question 43

What are the symptoms of Tinea Corporis?

Answer 43

Red, peeling, itchy, cracking rash that can blister.

Question 44

What causes Cellulitis?

Answer 44

When the bacteria streptococcus or and staphylococcus enters through a break in the skin. Can turn into something more aggressive called MRSA.

Question 45

What are 6 symptoms of Cellulitis?

Answer 45

1. Redness of the skin 2. Swelling of the skin 3. Pain of the skin 4. Tenderness of the skin 5. Warmth of the skin 6. Fever