The Knee

Question 1

Actions at the foot and/or hip control what?

Answer 1

What occurs at the knee

Question 2

How do the menisci receive nutrition?

Answer 2

Through compression

Question 3

What is the function of the menisci?

Answer 3

1. Reduce compressive force at tibiofemoral joint
2. Stabilizes during motion
3. Lubricates
4. Proprioception
5. Knee arthrokinematics

Question 4

What is the structure that acts as a thin layer of hyaline cartilage to prevent “bone on bone”?

Answer 4

The menisci

Question 5

What is the only ligament of the knee that does not have a direct attachment to the meniscus?

Answer 5

LCL

Question 6

What action occurs due to the biceps femoris in a flexed knee position?

Answer 6

External Rotation

Question 7

In the screw home mechanism during an open-chain movement, what action is occurring?

Answer 7

External rotation of the knee

Question 8

In full extension, where does the line of gravity at the knee go?

Answer 8

slightly posterior to original postion

Question 9

In what position is the knee in a closed-packed position?

Answer 9

Full extension

Question 10

What is the length of the ligaments of the knee in a flexed position?

Answer 10

they are loose and not taut.

Question 11

What direction does the medial collateral ligament provide restraint from?

Answer 11

Valgus and lateral tibial rotation

Question 12

What direction does the lateral collateral ligament provide restraint from?

Answer 12

1. Resists varus stress
2. Limits anterior translation of femur on tibia
3. Limits lateral tibial rotation

Question 13

What tendon does the LCL blend into?

Answer 13

Biceps femoris tendon

Question 14

What is the function of the ACL?

Answer 14

1. Stability (especially in sagittal plane)
2. Guides arthrokinematics of tibia femur sliding
3. Proprioception

Question 15

What is the function of the ACL?

Answer 15

1. Stability in medial/lateral rotation
2. Stability in varus/valgus angular movement

Question 16

What position would you most likely see result in an ACL injury?

Answer 16

Knee is slightly flexed and tibia is rotated in a weight-bearing position

Question 17

Post ACL injury what angle might you want to keep knee extension exercises under?

Answer 17

90-60°

Question 18

What position of the knee is where you see a primary increase in stress of the PCL?

Answer 18

knee flexion

Question 19

What does the PCL do?

Answer 19

Protects the tibia from going backwards under the femur

Question 20

What angle would you find peak torque at the patella?

Answer 20

45-70° knee flexion

Question 21

What are some contributors to Q-angle? (2)

Answer 21

• Gender
• Tibial rotation

Question 22

When plantarflexed, what type of insufficiency is seen at the gastrocnemius?

Answer 22

Active insufficiency

Question 23

During gait, what is the function of the gastrocnemius?

Answer 23

To work synergistically with the quads to provide stability.

Question 24

During closed chain movement what movement occurs at the tibia as the result of soleus contraction?

Answer 24

The tibia is pulled backwards (posteriorly)

Question 25

What is the direction of the line of gravity during walking?

Answer 25

It goes from the stance foot to the center of mass

Question 26

What is the function of the popliteus in reference to the screw-home mechanism?

Answer 26

to unlock the knee.