The knee and popliteal fossa Flashcards
(22 cards)
what does the femur articulate with
the tibia
what maintains the joint stability
cruciate and collateral ligaments
what do the cruciate ligaments prevent
prevent excessive flexion and extensions
what causes extension of the knee joint
- extension of the knee joint is performed by the quadriceps muscle
what causes flexion of the knee joint
- flexion by the hamstrings
what is in the popliteal fossa
- femoral artery
- popliteal artery
- it is where the sciatic nerve divides into the tibial and common perineal branches
How many articulates are there
There are two articulations between the femur and the tibia, and one articulation between the anterior femur and the patella
what do the collateral ligaments prevent
he collateral ligaments are both taut when the knee is extended and prevent abduction and adduction of the knee joint
what is between the femur and tibia
- there are semi circular discs of cartilage that act as cushions and pro divide a better git for the two bones these are the menisci
what are the ligaments other than the collateral ligament
- anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments
what do the anterior and posterior cruciate do
- help to prevent excess forward and backward movement
what is more important the anterior cruciate or the posterior cruciate
Of the two the
posterior cruciate is the more important as it takes the weight of the body when the knees are bent such as when we are walking downhill or going down stairs
what is more likely to become damaged the posterior or anterior cruciate
the anterior is the one more commonly damaged due to its relationship and attachment to the medial mensci and that’s attachment to the medial collateral ligament.
where do the quadriceps coverage onto
they converge onto the patella tendon
how many quadriceps are there
4
how many hamstrings are there
3
where is the small degree of rotation
ere is a small degree of rotation of the tibia, which allows more extension on the larger articular side of the knee, and locks the joint into a more stable position.
what is the boundaries of the popliteal fossa
hamstrings superior
2 heads of the gastrocnemius muscles inferiorly
what is within the popliteal fossa
- the popliteal vessels
- 2 divisions of the sciatic nerve
what happens at the lower border of the fossa
- popliteal artery divides into the posterior tibial and the anterior tubular artery
what divides at the superior border of the popliteal fossa
The tibial and common peroneal (fibular) nerves usually divide at the superior border
of the popliteal fossa.
where does the tibial nerve descend
The tibial nerve descends more or less vertically down the posterior compartment of
the leg. The common peroneal nerve passes laterally around the neck of the fibula.
