The Language Of Medicine Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
What is Eponyms?
A
Terms that are named for the person who discovered the illness or procedure.
2
Q
What is acronym?
A
An abbreviation formed from the initial letter or letters of a word or phrase.
3
Q
Root
A
The core foundation of the words meaning.
4
Q
What is Suffix?
A
A unit of meaning attached to the end of the word.
5
Q
What provides the overall meaning of the medical term. It can sometimes “live” by itself as a separate word.
A
Root word
6
Q
What turns the word into a diagnosis or medical procedure?
A
Suffix
7
Q
First cell function
A
Excretion
8
Q
Second cell function
A
Hormone secretion
9
Q
Third Cell Function
A
Energy reproduction
10
Q
Fourth cell function
A
Reproduction
11
Q
Muscle cells ________ and nerve cells _______ electrical impulses
A
Contract, Transmit
12
Q
First main cell part
A
The cytoplasm
13
Q
Second main cell part
A
Plasma membrane
14
Q
Third main cell part
A
The nucleus
15
Q
Outer boundary of the cell and is made up of proteins and lipids
A
Plasma Membrane
16
Q
Lets substances in and out and keeps the cell intact
A
Plasma Membrane
17
Q
Command and control center of the cell
A
Nucleus
18
Q
First thing the nucleus contains
A
Nucleoplasm
19
Q
Second thing a nucleus contains
A
A nucleus
20
Q
Third thing a nucleus contains
A
ribosomes
21
Q
A double layered substance that has openings in it to let materials pass between it and the cytoplasm.
A
Nuclear Membrane
22
Q
It fills the space between the plasma membrane and the nucleus.
A
Cytoplasm
23
Q
What does the cytoplasm contain?
A
Organelles & Endoplasmic Reticulum
24
Q
Are specialized parts of cells that have important jobs in the function of the cell
A
Organelles
25
Connects the parts of the cell and functions in transportation and storage
Endoplasmic reticulum
26
What are the two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Rough and Smooth
27
Metastasis
cancers that have the tendency to send forth cells into distant sites of the body
28
Body of cells organized to perform a certain function
tissue
29
What substances make up the extra cellular matrix?
No living substances produced by the cells
30
A complex network of proteins, fluid, and various molecules that support the cells
Extracellular Matrix
31
First type of tissue
Epithelial tissue
32
Second type of tissue
Connective tissue
33
Third type of tissue
Muscle tissue
34
Fourth type of tissue
Nerve tissue
35
Covers the inner and outer surfaces of the body
Epithelial tissue
36
Connects or supports other body structures
Connective tissue
37
Relaxes and contracts to allow body parts to move and certain organs to function
Muscle tissue
38
Extends through the body to carry messages to and from the brain
Nerve tissue
39
Covers organs, lines body cavities, and from portions of some ducts and glands
Epithelial tissue
40
This tissue functions to protect the body and to absorb, secrete, and excrete substance
Epithelial tissue
41
Form the outer layer skin
Squamous epithelial tissue
42
The lining of the digestive tract, including the stomach and intestines
Columnar epithelial cells
43
Line ducts, glands, and parts of the respiratory tract.
Columnar epithelial cells
44
Form a kind of epithelial tissue that secretes its products directly into the bloodstream
Endocrine gland cells
45
Connects or supports other body structures
Connective tissue
46
Connective tissue that forms a membrane that surrounds muscle or organs to separate and support them
Fascia
47
Rubbery and smooth material that lines the surface of joints
Cartilage
48
A form of connective tissue that can also provide energy in the form of lipid molecules
Adipose tissue
49
Transports nutrients and waste to and from cells
Blood
50
Interstitial fluid that has been filtered by lymph vessels
Lymph
51
Three types of muscle tissue
1. Voluntary
2. Involuntary
3. Cardiac
52
Tissue that makes up the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
Nerve tissue
53
The fundamental unit of nervous tissue
Nerve cell (neuron)
54
Specially designed to conduct signals from one end of the cell to another
Neurons
55
Only appears after normal tissue is damaged
Fibrous material
56
Are responsible for the overall process of wound healing
Cells and components
57
Formed when two thin layers of muscle and nerve tissue join together.
Membrane
58
Two major classifications of membranes
Epithelial and connective membranes
59
Epithelial membrane can be further divided into two type. What are they?
Mucous and serous
60
Mucous membranes include those in the….
Digestive tract, the respiratory passages, and the genitourinary tract.
61
First type of serous membrane
Pleural membrane
62
Second type of serous membrane
Pericardial membrane
63
Third type of the serous membrane
Peritoneal membrane
64
Line the pleural cavity
Pleural membrane
65
Line the inside of the rib cage
Parietal pleural membrane
66
Covers the outside of the lungs
Visceral pleural membrane
67
Produce pleural fluid to lubricate the expansion and contraction of the lungs
Plural membrane
68
Lines the peritoneal or abdominal cavity
Peritoneal membrane
69
Cover the outer surfaces of the stomac and intestines
Visceral peritoneal membrane and peritoneal cavity
70
Encases the heart
Pericardial membrane
71
Produce a small amount of pericardial fluid to allow the heart to beat freely with minimal friction
Pericardial membrane
72
What are the two types of connective membranes
Sinovial membrane and meninges
73
Line the cavities of joints that move freely
Synovial membranes
74
Allows the cartilage on the ends of the bones to move smoothly
Synovial fluid
75
The coverings on the brain and spinal cord in dorsal cavity nd they provide protection of these structures
Meninges/meninx
76
Uses building blocks to construct muscle tissue, deposit fat underneath your skin and store carbohydrate energy
Anabolism
77
In which a complex substance is broken down into its smaller components
Catabolism
78
The sum of the chemical reaction of anabolism and catabolism
Metabolism
79
Found in starches and sugars. Are the main source of energy
Carbohydrates
80
All carbohydrates are eventually broken down into or converted into ________
Glucose
81
This molecules serve as a ready source of energy for immediate use
Glucose
82
Glucose can be stored as ______
Glycogen
83
Glycogen are stored in
The muscles and liver
84
Your body releases glucose from the glycogen stores during…
Exercise or short-term starvation
85
Known for their capability to store energy
Lipids
86
Provide protection and communication between cells
Lipids
87
Assist with energy storage of lipids
Fats and oils
88
Fat stores that are designed for long-term starvation
Lipids
89
Are lipids that work as a protection level
Waxes
90
They help cells by preventing water loss within the body
Waxes
91
Are lipids that sister with the communication process between cells
Steroids
92
Are composed of cholesterol, testosterone, and estrogen
Steroids
93
Makes up muscles and other tissues and is found in very part of our cells
Protein
94
All the enzymes that drive our metabolism are
Proteins
95
Antibodies of the immune system
Proteins
96
Used for energy only in times of extreme stress or starvation
Protein
97
Dietary protein are broken down into _______
Amino acids
98
There are ______ essential amino acids that must be acquired from the diet
9
99
Food is labeled as _______ if it contains all nine essential amino acids.
Complete protein
100
Are chemical compounds present in very small amounts in food
Mineral and trace elements
101
They serve a variety or purposes in daily metabolism
Minerals and trace elements
102
________ are organic compounds that function as _______ assisting enzymes in catalyzing chemical reaction
Vitamins & coenzymes
103
Is measure of energy contained in food
Calorie
104
Carbohydrates and protein contain_____ kilocalories per gram
4
105
fat contains ______ kilocalories per gram
9
