The Law of the Sea Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is the general rule of baselines?
at low tide, follow the contours of the coast to establish a baseline.
When can a straight baseline be drawn?
When the coast of a coastal nation is unstable.
What is a juridical bay?
an indentation in the coast that effectively establishes a natural bay. Established by the semi-circle test.
What is a historic bay?
A bay that is exempt from normal rules of bays because of continuous, unequivocal and open exercise of authority by coastal nation over time.
Archipelagic Baselines —
baselines not exceeding 100nm drawn by archipelagic states with a ratio of land to water of no more than 9:1.
Territorial waters reach from where to where?
from the baseline to 12nm from the baseline.
In territorial waters, the coastal nation has full sovereignty subject to what?
subject to right of safe passage/safe harbor, innocent passage, and assistance entry.
Assistance passage (helping another ship in need of assistance) may be made without the coastal nation’s permission if what?
If the location of the distressed ship is reasonably well known.
International waters includes what?
Contiguous zones, exclusive economic zones, and the high seas.
What is the order of zones/waters?
Baseline > territorial waters > contiguous zone > exclusive economic zone > continental shelf > high seas.
How far does the contiguous zone reach?
24nm from the baseline
What is done in the contiguous zone?
Law enforcement zone
A coastal nation has what in the contiguous zone?
Boarding rights
How far does the EEZ reach?
200nm
What nations have claims on the high seas?
None
Ships have what in international straits?
Right of transit passage
Ships have what in archipelagic sea lanes?
Sea lane passage
Where does the national airspace begin?
Everything landward of the TTW
Is there a right of safe passage in national airspace?
No
To fly in national airspace, consent is required except when?
Transit passage, archipelagic sea lanes passage, distress or assistance entry.
International airspace begins where?
Outer edge of the TTW
What does an air defense identification zone require?
That aircraft in international airspace identify themselves as a prerequisite to entering national airspace.
What is an island?
above water at low tide, sustains human habitation or economic life, naturally formed, claims territorial sea, contiguous zone, continental shelf, and EEZ.
What is a rock?
above water at high tide, does not sustain life, must be naturally made, claims territorial sea only.
