The Liberal Reforms Flashcards
(33 cards)
How many private charities were there by 1905?
700-800
How many children did Dr Barnado rescue and how many lives did he improve?
59,384 and 500,000
What percentage of old people received relief?
30-40%
Life expectancy for man and women?
47 for man 50 for women
How many people could there be up to in one room?
20
How long were some of the sweated industry shifts?
24 hour shifts
What was happening by 1901?
- improved working conditions
- all children had to go to school
- Slum clearance schemes were underway
What did the booths do?
- they went to the poor
- 1878 there were 45 branches called salvation army
- 1900/had its own training centre to help people find work e.g brickwork
What did Charles Booth do and what did he discover?
- Decided to find out how much of Britain was living in poverty.
- Investigated over 400 families
- found out that 31% of Londoners were living in poverty
- 85% of poverty was due to unemployment and low wages
How much of York was in poverty?
28%
Who was John Galt and what did he show?
Photographer and showed that majority worked hard but died due to low pay
What were the causes of the Liberal Reforms?(industrial decline)
-1900 USA and Germany took over UK in industrial production
-UK no longer richest nation
-Germany did this with their welfare scheme which created healthy and well educated work force
Lloyd thought if workers were healthier GB would rule again
What were the causes of the Liberal Reforms?(Boer War)
- War showed that 50% of recruits were unfit due to not being fed properly
- This showed GB’s position for being one of the strongest nations was threatened and the was European war looming round the corner
- Changes for poor had to happen so they could protect themselves
What were the causes of the Liberal Reforms?(Rise of Labour Party)
- Labour were calling for pensions, education and unemployment schemes
- If Liberals did not offer the same thing then they feared they would lose votes
When was free school meals set up and what did it introduce?
1906
-158000 children fed at least once a day
When was School medication inspections introduced and what did it do?
1907
-Doctors and Nurses gave compulsory medical checks
When was the pension act introduced and what did it do?
1908/9
- 1908 promised made
- jan 1st 1909 first paid
- Over 70’s entitled to 5s per week
- married couples received 7s6d
When was the national insurance act introduced and what did it do?
1911
- all workers with wage less than $160 had to join
- workers paid 4d
- if workers were sick the could claim 10s per week for 13 weeks
- 10 million men and 4 million women covered
when was Trade Boards act set up and what did it do?
1909
created minimum wage for sweated industry.
-only 400,000 helped by this act
When was National Insurance part 2 introduced and what did it do?
Aimed to stop poverty caused by unemployment.
- Workers, employers and government all paid 2d per week for a stamp.
- if you collected enough stamps you could claim unemployment pay of 7s 6d a week
The success of the Liberal Reforms?(Free School Meals)
- By 1914 over 14 million free school meals were given out
- 158000 children were given free meals
The success of the Liberal Reforms?(National Insurance part 1)
-poor people could survive ill health without starving
The success of the Liberal Reforms?(Pension Act)?
-650000 people claimed pensions in the first year
The success of the Liberal Reforms?(National Insurance part 2)
- Helped unemployed back to work
- Protected unemployed
