The Living Earth L1 ~ Midterm

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

Anything that takes up space, we can touch and has weight

Question 2

What is energy?

Answer 2

Anything classified as movement or has the potential of movement

Question 3

What does it mean that matter/energy is “conserved”?

Answer 3

Matter: Atoms can not be created, destroyed, but can be moved/rearranged into different molecules
Energy: Cannot be created nor destroyed, but can be transferred

Question 4

Name the three different diets:

Answer 4

Carnivores, omnivores, and herbivores

Question 5

What are different traits that help an animal survive?

Answer 5

Color of fur, thickness of fur, amount of speed/movement it can perform, how aggressive it is, how sharp their teeth/claws are, etc.

Question 6

Why is there a loss of energy at each trophic level?

Answer 6

The predators only take part of the energy and the rest gets transferred either into the atmosphere or turns into digested material

Question 7

What is the percentage of energy that is efficiently used by an organism?

Answer 7

10%

Question 8

What is the percentage of energy that is lost from food that it eats?

Answer 8

90%

Question 9

How can a change in the environment have a positive/negative impact on organisms?

Answer 9

Positive: Depending on the environment, if there is more human activity, that can result in more carbon dioxide which can result in more photosynthesis which can be needed.
Negative: Depending on the environment, if there isn’t enough sunlight, then the process of photosynthesis cannot happen resulting in no sugar nor oxygen and no water to sustain the plant’s self, causing it to die.

Question 10

What are the importance of keystone species to maintain balance in an ecosystem?

Answer 10

Without a keystone species, then one species that would increase because of it could diminish and go extinct and one that would decrease because of it can overgrow and take over the ecosystem.

Question 11

How do biotic and abiotic factors maintain balance in an ecosystem?

Answer 11

While abiotic factors maintain the nutrients or producers and things that can be created into other useful things, biotic factors make sure the producers to over grow and that there is balance.

Question 12

How do cells break down the polymers in food to create the monomers that could be absorbed by the body?

Answer 12

In a process called hydrolysis

Question 12

Which type of organisms perform cellular respiration?

Answer 12

Nearly all living organisms (animals, plants, fungi, ect.)

Question 13

Where in the body does cellular respiration take place?

Answer 13

Cytoplasm and mitochondria

Question 14

How is energy transformed in cellular respiration?

Answer 14

Thermal energy and ATP

Question 15

Where does the energy ultimately end up?

Answer 15

Either in the atmosphere as thermal or sound energy or in the ground as kinetic energy

Question 16

How is matter transformed in cellular respiration?

Answer 16

6O2 + C6H12O6&raquo_space;> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 17

Which type of organisms perform photosynthesis?

Answer 17

Plants, algae, bacteria, etc.

Question 18

Where does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 18

Chloroplasts

Question 19

What processes move carbon between different reservoirs?

Answer 19

Photosynthesis, breathing, burning fossil fuels, etc.

Question 20

How can a plant make lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates from simple sugars?

Answer 20

Photosynthesis