the living world rainforests

Question 1

Abiotic

Answer 1

components in an ecosystem that are non-living environmental factors such as climate (temperature and rainfall), soil, water temperature and light

Question 2

Accessibility

Answer 2

the ease of access to a place

Question 3

adaptations

Answer 3

Actions taken to adjust to natural events such as climate change to reduce potential damage and limit the impacts

Question 4

Adventure tourism

Answer 4

a type of tourism that involves the travel to a remote or exotic location to pursue physically challenging activities such as hiking or kayaking

Question 5

Animal adaptations - Squirrel monkey

Answer 5

• Large tail for balance in the canopy
• paws are like hands
• Strong, short size for jump power

Question 6

Animal adaptations - Toucan

Answer 6

Bright colours to attract mates

strong claws

nests in tree holes

large, strong, colourful beak

Question 7

Biodiversity

Answer 7

the variety of life in the world or a particular ecosystem

Question 8

Biome

Answer 8

global-scale ecosystems such as a tropical rainforest or deciduous woodland

Question 9

Biotic

Answer 9

components in an ecosystem that are living such as plants and fish

Question 10

Canopy

Answer 10

the continuous layer of branches in a forest, which in tropical rainforests hosts the majority of plant and animal species

Question 11

Carbon sink

Answer 11

the removal of CO2 from the atmosphere

Question 12

Causes of deforestation - agrigulture - cattle ranching

Answer 12

• rainforest is cleared for space for cattle to graze on
• Cattle is butched and sold for meat / leather for money

Question 13

Causes of deforestation - agrigulture - crop farming

Answer 13

Rainforest is cleared to grow cash crops - soya beans, palm oil, tea coffee, sell these to HIC’s for huge profits

Question 14

Causes of deforestation - Hydroelectric power

Answer 14

Huge rivers in rainforest have been used for hydro electric power resulting in rainforest being flooded

Question 15

Causes of Deforestation - Logging

Answer 15

Rainforest is cut down so valuable trees like mahogany and teak is sold for timber less valuable trees are cut down for making paper

Question 16

Causes of deforestation - Mining

Answer 16

Mines develop in rainforests resulting in trees cleared. Surface mining in large open pits is cheaper but scars the landscape

Question 17

Causes of deforestation - Population growth

Answer 17

As the population grows people will need more space resulting in the rainforest being cut down for timber and space

Question 18

Causes of deforestation - Road Building

Answer 18

Allows for other areas of the rainforest to be accessed by farmers loggers and miners resulting in more deforestation

Question 19

Climate

Answer 19

the average weather over a long period of time

Question 20

Climate change

Answer 20

a long-term change in the earth’s climate, especially due to an increase in the average atmospheric temperature

Question 21

Component

Answer 21

an individual part or element of a wider system

Question 22

Conservation

Answer 22

managing the environment in order to preserve, protect or restore it

Question 23

Conservation group

Answer 23

an organisation that helps protect threatened and endangered environments or wildlife e.g. the World Wildlife Fund (WWF)

Question 24

Consumer

Answer 24

organism that eats herbivores and/or plant matter

Question 25

Debt reduction

Answer 25

countries are relieved of some of their debt in return for an agreement that they preserve and protect their natural environments

Question 26

Decomposer

Answer 26

organisms such as bacteria or fungi that break down plant and animal material

Question 27

Deforestation

Answer 27

the cutting down and removal of forest

Question 28

economic impacts of deforestation

Answer 28

* cash crops are planted and grown * wood is used for wood and paper

Question 29

Ecosystem

Answer 29

a community of plants and animals that interact with each other and their physical environment

Question 30

Ecotourism

Answer 30

nature tourism usually involving small groups with minimal impact on the environment

Question 31

emergent layer

Answer 31

The emergent layer is the top of the rainforest. The weather is hot, wet, and windy in this layer. The trees can be from 70 meters off the ground here.

Question 32

Environmental impacts of deforestation

Answer 32

Deforestation is responsible for 24% of greenhouse gas emissions extreme loss in biodiversity more CO2 remains in atmosphere

Question 33

Equator

Answer 33

an imaginary line that divides Earth's surface into a northern and southern hemisphere

Question 34

Extreme temperatures

Answer 34

temperatures that present challenges for people, animals and plants living in in certain environments

Question 35

Food chain

Answer 35

connections between different organisms (plants and animals) that rely upon one another as their source of food

Question 36

Food web

Answer 36

a complex hierarchy of plants and animals relying on each other for food

Question 37

forest floor

Answer 37

The forest floor is the darkest of all rainforest layers recieving less thean 2% of sunlight. Decomposers, such as termites, slugs, scorpions, worms, and fungi, thrive on the forest floor.

Question 38

Geothermal energy

Answer 38

energy generated by heat stored deep in the Earth

Question 39

Indigenous tribes

Answer 39

native to a particular place, usually living in harmony with the natural environment, using resources without causing long-term harm

Question 40

Interception

Answer 40

When trees/vegetation collects falling rain

Question 41

International agreements

Answer 41

promises made between countries and/or organisations to mitigate the destruction of natural habitats

Question 42

Nutrient cycle

Answer 42

on-going recycling of nutrients between living organisms and their environment

Question 43

plant adaptations - leaf angling

Answer 43

leaves are often arranged in different so a plant avoids shading its own leaves

Question 44

Producer

Answer 44

an organism or plant that is able to absorb energy from the sun through photosynthesis

Question 45

Selective logging

Answer 45

sustainable forestry management where only carefully selected trees are cut down

Question 46

Slash and burn

Answer 46

a method of land clearing that involves the use of fire, which creates valuable nutrients to help plants grow, but can grow out of control and destroy large areas of forest

Question 47

Social impacts of deforestation

Answer 47

* Housing will be built * people living in the rainforest will struggle

Question 48

Soil erosion

Answer 48

removal of topsoil faster than it can be replaced, due to natural (water and wind action), animal and human activity

Question 49

Causes of Deforestation - Agriculture - Subsistence farming

Answer 49

a type of agriculture producing only enough food and materials for the benefit of a farmer and their family

Question 50

Sustainability

Answer 50

actions that meet the needs of the present without reducing the ability of future generations to meet their needs

Question 51

symbiotic relationship

Answer 51

relationship where both participant species benefit mutually. e.g. Certain caterpillars produce sweet chemicals from dew patches on their backs upon which a certain ant species will feed. In return the ants vigorously protect the Caterpillar

Question 52

Transmigration

Answer 52

people removed from one place and moved to another

Question 53

transpiration

Answer 53

When water held on leaves of vegetation is evaporated because of intense sunlight

Question 54

Tropical rainforest

Answer 54

global-scale ecosystem mainly found close to the Equator, characterised by high temperatures, high rainfall and huge biodiversity

Question 55

understory

Answer 55

The understory layer is located beneath the canopy. The understory only gets 2 - 15% of sunlight. It is dark and humid here. The understory is home to smaller animals, insects, and snakes.

Question 56

Wilderness areas

Answer 56

a natural environment that has not been significantly modified by human activity