The Maxillary Artery and its branches

Question 1

Where does the maxillary artery come from

Answer 1

it is a terminal branch of the external carotid artery

Question 2

Unique fact about the facial and lingual arteries

Answer 2

they often will share a trunk

Question 3

the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery are the

Answer 3

superficial temporal a. and the maxillary a.

Question 4

Three “parts” of the maxillary artery from lateral to more medial

Answer 4

the mandibular part (most lateral), the pterygoid part, and the pterygopalatine part

Question 5

Compare the 3 parts of the maxillary artery in location to the lateral pterygoid muscle

Answer 5

the mandibular part is proximal to the lateral pterygoid
the pterygoid part is adjacent to it
the pterygopalatine part is just distal to the muscle

Question 6

From lateral to more medial, what are the branches of the maxillary artery

Answer 6

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Deep Auricular
Anterior Tympanic
Middle Meningeal

Inferior Alveolar

Accessory Meningeal
Masseteric

Pterygoid branches
Deep temporal
Buccal

Sphenopalatine
Descending (Greater) Palatine
Infraorbital
Pharyngeal
Post up alveolar
Artery of pterygoid canal

Question 7

Branches of the mandibular portion of the maxillary artery include (5)

Answer 7

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Deep Auricular
Anterior Tympanic
Middle Meningeal
Inferior Alveolar
Accessory Meningeal

Question 8

Branches of the pterygoid portion of the maxillary a. includes

Answer 8

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Masseteric
Pterygoid branches
Deep temporal
Buccal

Question 9

Branches of the pterygopalatine portion of the maxillary artery include

Answer 9

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Sphenopalatine
Descending (Greater) Palatine
Infraorbital
Pharyngeal
Post sup alveolar
Artery of pterygoid canal

Question 10

branches which arise from the infraorbital a.

Answer 10

nasal septal branches

Question 11

artery of the incisive canal

Answer 11

an anastomosis of the nasal and oral cavities

Question 12

an anastomosis of the nasal and oral cavities

Answer 12

artery of the incisive canal

Question 13

the descending palatine a. branches of the maxillary a., runs inf., and gives off which arteries? What do these arteries then do

Answer 13

The descending palatine gives off the greater and lesser palatine arteries which loop ant. to meet the artery of the incisive canal (anastomosis)

Question 14

terminal branch of the maxillary artery

Answer 14

sphenopalatine a

Question 15

The facial a is a branch of

Answer 15

the external carotid

Question 16

trace the path and branches of the facial a.

Answer 16

the facial a. runs sup towards the mouth where it will give off two branches which run horizontally (the sup and inf. labial branches running above and below the mouth) the facial a. then continues sup towards the nose where it gives rise to another more horizontally directed a. called the lateral nasal a.

The artery continues sup as the angular a. running ant to and inf to the eye

Question 17

the supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries of the face arise from which structure(s)

Answer 17

from the ophthalmic artery which lies deep

Question 18

Which hole in the face does the infraorbital a. run through?

Answer 18

the infraorbital foramen

Question 19

Where does the buccal a. run

Answer 19

to the buccinator

Question 20

which artery is a termination of the inferior alveolar a.

Answer 20

the mental a.

Question 21

artery which will serve maxillary anterior dentition and the max sinus

Answer 21

the infraorbital

Question 22

Artery which serves the maxillary molars and premolars, as well as the max sinus

Answer 22

the post. sup. alveolar a.

Question 23

a. which serves the hard and soft palates

Answer 23

descending palatine a.

Question 24

primary artery of the TMJ

Answer 24

deep auricular (also does stuff by the ear)

Question 25

Foramen which the middle meningeal a. passes through and the significance

Answer 25

the foramen spinosum and then through the pterion which is easily fractured. This serves blood to the dura mater as well as the trigeminal ganglion so a fracture to the pterion can be troublesome

Question 26

Explain why if someone fractures their pterion they may lose function of their muscles of mastication

Answer 26

the trigeminal ganglion is fed blood by the middle meningeal a. which passes through/near the pterion. I do not know what this would actually cause, it is more of a thought question

Question 27

buccinator muscle classification (hint: think about its innervation)

Answer 27

innervated by the buccal n. which is a branch of CNVII, thus it is a muscle of facial expression... Although, it does help in mastication!

Question 28

artery which serves the mandibular teeth, chin, and mylohyoid m.

Answer 28

inf. alveolar a.

Question 29

Major venous drainage of the face

Answer 29

external jugular vein

Question 30

The retromandibular vein is formed by

Answer 30

the maxillary and superficial temporal veins

Question 31

The facial vein receives blood superiorly from

Answer 31

the supraorbital and supratrochlear veins from the ophthalmic veins

Question 32

Clinical significance of the pterygoid plexus

Answer 32

it directly communicates with the cavernous sinus thus can access the brain and is a threat for disease spread

Question 33

what two veins will come together to form the external jugular vein

Answer 33

the retromandibular and the post. auricular

Question 34

which two veins come together to form the internal jugular vein

Answer 34

the retromandibular vein will join with the facial vein

Question 35

area which is considered the danger triangle

Answer 35

from the corners of the mouth to the bridge of the nose