The Medical Renaissance (KT2) Flashcards
(39 cards)
List 8 specific differences between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance causing much more change creating progression in Medicine.
- In the Renaissance people asked more questions and thought scientific
- They experimented in the renaissance.
- They dissected human bodies not just animals
- Printing Press was developed
- Scholars were there
- The Reformation happened
- The royal society was established
Scholars
Rejected the idea that the church was the source of all knowledge.
The Reformation
Movement accused by the Catholic church of being to powerful and corrupt.
What was Vesalius’s background?
Family were physicians.
Why was printing so important to the progress of medicine during the Medical Renaissance? ( 7 reasons )
- Vesalius published a book about his findings.
- Spread knowledge and ideas
- Changed the nature and speed of what was published
- Translations
- Difficult for the church to control
- Allows accurate ideas to be spread
- Challenges and proves Galen’s wrong
Name of Vesalius’ book.
Fabrica - Fabric of human body
In 1540 Vesalius…
Did a full public dissection at a university
IN 1543 Vesalius….
Published his book Fabrica.
4 achievements of Vesalius’
- Corrected 200 of Galen’s mistakes
e. g location of the kidneys and major organs, nerves, muscles placements - Able to dissection without method of imbarment
- He laid down the foundation for Harvey about proper anatomy and he also improved understanding of the human body.
- Published his book Fabrica in 1543
4 limitations of Vesalius’
- Doesn’t discuss circulation of the blood.
- Doesn’t look into disease or germs
- People said he was wrong the body had changed and people just refused to believe him
- Body snatching = was illegal and was look down upon because it went against the church which was still influential at the time.
Early Renaissance
Art, Anatomy, Books, Printing, Vesalius, Voyages, Questioning of church
Later Renaissance
Scientific, Plague 1665, challenge to Church, Harvey, Royal Society
Identify 8 ways in which science shaped the Medical Renaissance
- The method of deductive reasoning - Physicians learnt how to make a deduction from their patients symptoms and to diagnose what was wrong = reasons for why everything happened
- 17th century scientist had a new view/ attitude on the human body.
- Galileo’s work on telescope meant increased knowledge about lenses
- Anton van Leeuwenhoek = microscope - the observation of the largest bodies, the stars and planets, led directly to knowledge about the smallest bodies, cells and bacteria.
- Harvey encouraged his student to do human dissection
- Royal Society aimed at the improvement of natural knowledge
- The printing press
- Chain of development - one discovery could be followed up by others connected to it.
In 1628 Harvey…
Wrote his book motion of heart and blood
In 1676 Thomas Sydneham….
Published his book medical observations
3 achievements of Harvey’s’
- Corrected Galen’s mistakes
e. g Galen said the blood was created in the liver, Harvey found it was in the heart and it circulated around the body. - Laid foundation for blood test, blood transfusion and transplants.
- Had used Vesalius’s method of dissection, observation and detailed drawings.
3 Limitations of Harvey’s
- Still haven’t found out about germs.
- Harvey’s discoveries were only gradually accepted
- Harvey’s discover didn’t make anyone better.
Why was the Royal society important to the progress of medicine during the Medical Renaissance? ( 4 reasons)
- Brought together scientist to share and build on ideas.
- Published books and articles to spread ideas
- Finical support from King Charles 2 to find medical and scientific knowledge
- Challenged traditional ideas
Why was Sydenham’s work significant? ( 3 reasons)
- Placed great importance of careful observation
- Detailed description on many illness = scarlet fever
- Published his book ‘Medical Observation’
What did Sydenahm not figure out?
A theory of what caused disease.
Explain one similarity in the Government and the physicians response to the Great Plague with the Black Death.
- Punishment from God
- Miasma
What was the theory of transference?
That an illness or diseases could be transferred to something else.
What was iatrochemistry?
People looked for chemical cures for diseases instead of relying on herbs and bloodletting.
Transference
- People believed that if you rubbed an object on an aliment ( such as a boil) the disease would transfer from you to the object
- They believed you could get rid of warts by rubbing them with an onion
