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Biology (GCSE Combined Higher) > The Mestrual Cycle > Flashcards

The Mestrual Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

What is menstruation?

A

The break down of the uterus lining

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2
Q

During what days does menstruation occur?

A

1-5

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3
Q

What happens to the uterus during the second week?

A

The lining of the uterus gradually builds up

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4
Q

What is ovulation?

A

The release of an egg from an ovary

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5
Q

What day does ovulation occur?

A

Around day 14

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6
Q

During days 14-16, what occurs?

A

Fertilisation

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7
Q

What happens to the uterus if fertilisation occurs?

A

The thick lining is maintained and menstruation does not happen

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8
Q

What is contraception?

A

The prevention of fertilisation

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9
Q

What are examples of hormonal contraception?

A

Hormone pills
Implants
Injections

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10
Q

How do hormonal contraception work?

A

Releases hormones to prevent ovulation and thickens mucus at the cervix preventing sperm from passing?

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11
Q

What hormone is released to prevent ovulation?

A

Progesterone

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12
Q

What are examples of barrier methods?

A

Male and female condoms
Diaphragm
Caps and sponges

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13
Q

How do barrier methods work?

A

Stop sperm from reaching the eggs

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14
Q

What 4 hormones control the menstrual cycle?

A

Oestrogen
Progesterone
FSH
LH

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15
Q

Where does FSH and LH come from?

A

The pituitary gland near the brain

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16
Q

What does high levels of oestrogen stimulate?

A

The release of more LH

17
Q

What does increasing progesterone inhibit?

A

The release of FSH and LH

18
Q

What does low levels of progesterone allow?

A

FSH to be released

19
Q

What doe LH surge trigger?

A

Ovulation

20
Q

What does maturing follicle stimulate?

A

Oestrogen production

21
Q

What does corpus luteum release?

A

Progesterone

22
Q

What does increasing oestrogen do?

A

Thicken walls

23
Q

What does falling levels of oestrogen and progesterone trigger?

A

Menstruation

24
Q

What does IVF stand for?

A

In-Vitro fertilisation

25
Q

What is IVF?

A

Fertilisation outside the women’s body

26
Q

Why would IVF be offered?

A

If couple can’t have children. E.g. same sex couples

Biology (GCSE Combined Higher) (8 decks)

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