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History > The Middle Ages > Flashcards

The Middle Ages Flashcards

0
Q

Feudal system

A

How society was organised in the Middle Ages .It worked by the king owning the land,the vassals getting the land,the vassals giving the knights some land and the peasants working on the land.

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1
Q

Middle Ages

A

The Middle Ages was the time between 500ad and 1500ad.

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2
Q

demense

A

the land the king kept for himself in the feudal system .

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3
Q

Vassals

A

the kings followers E.g Lords ,bishops, counts,and abbots.

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4
Q

knight

A

A soldier who rode in to battle on horseback and fought for their lords.

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5
Q

Serf

A

A type of peasant who was tied to the land and could not leave or marry without the kings permission.

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6
Q

Freeman

A

a type of peasant who are free to travel wherever they want and do what they want as they pleased.

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7
Q

manor

A

a small village where people lived ruled by their local lord or knight.

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8
Q

tithe

A

the tax evetyone paid to the priet [1 tenth of their crops].

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9
Q

commons

A

the field everyones animals grazed on.

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10
Q

open field system

A

how they farmed .it worked by the land being divided into two parts one for the animals and one for the crops .the crop fields wear divided into three and the anima field was called the commons .

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11
Q

Fallow

A

the field that was left empty to make it fertilised again.

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12
Q

crop rotation

A

the rotation of the crops .used so the soil stayed fertile for longer.E.Gn year 1 wheat ,year 2 fallow ,year3 rye and barley ,year 4 fallow.

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13
Q

pottage

A

the main meal for a peasant .It was made up of vegetable soup ,oatmeal,bread and cheese .

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14
Q

Baillif

A

the person appointed to enforce the law by The Lord .

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15
Q

Trenchers

A

A big slice of bread used to eat your food of at a feast.

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16
Q

Wimple

A

A headdress worn by rich lords and lady’s.

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17
Q

Hawking

A

A popular form of entertainment .When a hawk was trained to sit on a persons hand and hunt animals.

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18
Q

Jousting

A

A event in a tournament during the Middle Ages.When two Knights ride a horse a parallel lanes with blunt swords and try and knock each other of.

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19
Q

Dowry

A

Money or goods that a women’s family gave to her husband when the women got married.

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20
Q

Page

A

One of the steps a boy had to take to become a knight .He learned how to use a sword ,ride a horse,to sing,dance and have good manners.

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21
Q

Squire

A

The second step in becoming a knight.At the age of 14 he learned to fight on horseback and if there was a war he went with his Lord and helped him with his armour,horse and weapons.

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22
Q

Dubbing

A

The ceremony a squire goes through to become a knight.Where the Lord put his armour on piece by piece.

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23
Q

Chivalry

A

The code a squire had to vow to to become a knight.this was the promise to be loyal to God, protect women and children and never run away in battle.

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24
Q

Toll

A

What you had to pay to sell goods in a town

25
Q

Curfew

A

The time when people had to put out all fires because all buildings were made of wood .

26
Q

Leprosy

A

A skin disease where sores broke out all over your body.They had to live outside the town walls.

27
Q

Black Death

A

A plague that broke out between 1347and 1350 where swellings broke out from under the armpit ,groin and neck .It killed 1third of the population of Europe.

28
Q

Charter

A

The contract a town made to the king to be able to rule themselves.

29
Q

Guild

A

A group that a towns person joined when being a crafts person .There was a guild for each craft E.G carpenter guild.

30
Q

Apprentice

A

The first step in becoming a master craftsman .You worked with no pay.

31
Q

Journeyman

A

The second step to becoming a master craftsman they travelled from town to town looking for work.

32
Q

Master craftsman

A

The step after a journeyman makes a masterpiece and pays the guild a amount of money .You are allowed have your own workshop
.

33
Q

Romanesque

A

The first style of large stone church built around 1000ad.Had large poles holding up the roof and thick walls.With small windows causing it to be very gloomy .

34
Q

Gothic

A

The newer more modern style of church .The roof was held up by fly buttresses and small pillars ,had stained glass windows causing them to be very bright.

35
Q

Flying buttresses

A

What held up a gothic church .They were arches on the outside that helped support the weight

36
Q

Dormitory

A

Where the monks slept.

37
Q

Refectory

A

Where the monks ate

38
Q

Cloister

A

A walled garden where the monks walked and prayed

39
Q

Scriptorium

A

Where the monks copied manuscripts.

40
Q

Infirmary

A

Where the monks cared for their sick.

41
Q

Novice

A

A boy who joined a monastery and had to see if the life suited him and learn the rules.

42
Q

Tonsure

A

The hairstyle the monks wore.(a bald patch in the middle of the head)

43
Q

Matins

A

The monks morning prayer at 3am .

44
Q

Vespers

A

The evening prayer at 5pm

45
Q

Compoline

A

The night prayer at 8pm

46
Q

Prior

A

The second in command of the monastery took over the monastery when the abbot was away.

47
Q

Abbot

A

The monk in charge of the monastery .

48
Q

Almoner

A

⭐️the monk who looked after the poor when they visited.

49
Q

Hostellar

A

The monk that looked after travellers and passer bus who needs a place to stay.

50
Q

Friar

A

The type of monk that appeared around 1200ad and instead of you having to go to them they traveled around working with the poor.

51
Q

The keep

A

Where the king or Lord lived

52
Q

The battlements

A

Where the soldiers watched for the enemy

53
Q

Curtain walls

A

The outer wall of the castle.

54
Q

Turrets

A

The towers along the walls.

55
Q

The drawbridge

A

The door that was raised at night if an enemy approached.

56
Q

Portcullis

A

The iron grille that came down in front of the drawbridge.

57
Q

Ramparts

A

The walkway that went along the wall that were wide enough for soldiers to walk along.

58
Q

Moat

A

A trench along the outer wall filled with water.

59
Q

Courtyard/Bailey

A

A open space in the castle.

60
Q

The latrines.

A

The toilets of the castle.

History (10 decks)

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