the modern periodic table Flashcards
(26 cards)
how are elements arranged in the modern periodic table ?
- arranged in order of increasing atomic number
what element does the periodic table start with ?
hydrogen - the element of increasing atomic number
what is each horizontal row called ?
a period
what happens to the number from left to right and same with other periods ?
- numbers increase from left to right across each period
- with each successive period following the same pattern
what do the elements show across a periodic table ?
- show trends in properties across a period in the table
what is the repeating pattern of trends called ?
periodicity
what is each vertical column called ?
a group
what does each vertical row contain ?
elements with similar properties
what is the periodic table in the chemists perspective ?
- way of ordering the elements to show patterns in chemical and physical properties
what is the staircase of elements on the periodic table called ?
semi-metals / metalloids
what do they metals have properties of ?
between those of a metal and those of a non-metal
what are the 7 metalloids ?
boron , silicon , germanium , arsenic , antimony , tellurium , polonium
what is periodicity ?
the trend in properties that is repeated across each period
what can be made using periodicity ?
- predictions can be made about the likely properties of an element and its compound
what may trends down a group also affect ?
periodic trends
what happens to elements across a period ?
- elements change from metals to non-metals
what happens as you move down the periods ?
this change moves further to the right
what is an example of the change down a period ?
the top of group 14 is a non-metal , but at the bottom of the group tin and lead are metals
where are trends seen ?
vertically down the groups
horizontally across a period
what do chemical reactions involve ?
electrons in the outer shell of atoms
what will any similarity of EC will be
-any similarity of electron configurity will be reflected in the similarity of chemical reactions
what are similar elements placed in ?
vertical groups - key of principle of the periodic table
what do elements of group have which …. ?
- atoms with the same number of electrons in their outer shell
- which explains their similar chemical behaviour
what is repeating pattern of similarity caused by ?
underlying repeating pattern of electron configuration
