The Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

Describe the musculoskeletal system

Answer 1

•Consists of the specialised supporting connective tissues of the bony skeleton and associated tissues of the joints

Question 2

List the main components of the musculoskeletal system

Answer 2

• Cartilage
• Bone
• Joints skeletal muscles

Question 3

Describe cartilage

Answer 3

• The precursor tissue in the development of many bones

* Supports non skeletal structures

Question 4

Describe bone

Answer 4

•Protects soft tissue and acts as a system of levers for movement of the body

Question 5

Describe joints

Answer 5

• Mediate the connection of the bones of the skeleton

* Allow varying degrees of movement

Question 6

Describe skeletal muscles

Answer 6

•Attached to bone by tendons which insert into bone tissue

Question 7

The cells of the musculoskeletal system are derived from which type of cells?

Answer 7

•Mesenchymal stem cells

Question 8

List the main functions of the musculoskeletal system

Answer 8

• Form
• Support
• Stability
• Movement of the body

Question 9

Describe the features of bone

Answer 9

.

Question 10

Describe the parts of the bone

Answer 10

.

Question 11

Describe primary bone tissue

Answer 11

• Temporary bone tissue

* Replaced by secondary bone tissue

Question 12

Describe secondary bone tissue

Answer 12

• Lamellar bone tissue
• Composed of osteons(complexes of concentric lamellae of bone surrounding a canal containing blood vessels, nerves and loose connective tissue

Question 13

Describe the matrix of bone

Answer 13

• 50% water
• 16% Fat
• 12% Protein(collagen type I)
• 22% Inorganic composites

Question 14

What types of cells are found in bone?

Answer 14

•Osteo- clasts, cytes, blasts

Question 15

Illustrate the internal structure of secondary bone

Answer 15

•

Question 16

Describe compact bone

Answer 16

•Dense areas without cavities

Question 17

Describe cancellous(spongy) bone

Answer 17

•Areas with numerous interconnecting cavities

Question 18

Describe long bones

Answer 18

• Much longer than they are wide

* Rigid levers

Question 19

Describe short bones

Answer 19

• Nearly equal in width and length

* Limited motion and merely glide along one another enabling ankles and wrists to bend in multiple directions

Question 20

Describe flat bones

Answer 20

•Enclose and protect soft organs and provide broad surfaces for muscle attachment

Question 21

Describe irregular bones

Answer 21

•Elaborate shapes that don’t fit conventional categories

Question 22

Give examples of the different types of bones

Answer 22

.

Question 23

Distinguish the principle parts of the bone anatomy

Answer 23

.

Question 24

Describe the osseus circulation that supplies the bone tissue, bone marrow, periochondrium, epiphyseal and articulations cartilages

Answer 24

.