The nature of matter 5.1 - 5.6

Question 1

What is chemistry?

Answer 1

Chemistry is the study of matter and the all the changes it experiences

Question 2

What is matter

Answer 2

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 3

What is the particle theory

Answer 3

1. All matter is made up of particles with spaces between them
2. Different substances are made up of different types of particles ( water and a pencil are not made of the same particles )
3. Particles move constantly and randomly
4. Particles attract each other ( solids have the greatest, gasses have the weakest )
5. Particles move faster as gets hotter ( weakens the attraction force of the particles )

Question 4

What is a pure substance

Answer 4

A substance made up of only one type of particles

Question 5

What is a mixture

Answer 5

A substance made up of at least two types of particles

Question 6

Mechanical Mixture ( heterogeneous mixture )

Answer 6

A mixture where you can distinguish between the difference types of matter

Question 7

Solution ( homogeneous mixture )

Answer 7

A uniform mixture of 2 or more substance ( has to be clear )

Question 8

What is an alloy

Answer 8

A solid solution made up of two or more metals

Question 9

Physical change

Answer 9

A change where the composition of the substance stays the same and no new substances are formed

Question 10

qualitative

Answer 10

A property observed with your five senses

Question 11

quantitative

Answer 11

A property that is measured and given a number value

Question 12

Luster

Answer 12

shininess or brittleness; silver is high on luster

Question 13

Clarity

Answer 13

The ability to allow light pass through; transparent is completely clear, when you can barely make out the other side that is translucent, opaque is a cement wall

Question 14

brittleness

Answer 14

Break ability of flexibility; glass is high on brittleness[.

Question 15

Viscosity

Answer 15

The ability of a substance to pour or flow; honey is more viscous then water

Question 16

Hardness

Answer 16

The ability to be scratch or be scratched by another substance; diamond is high on hardness

Question 17

Malleability

Answer 17

the ability to be hammerd into thinner sheets or models; silver is malleable, glass is not

Question 18

ductile

Answer 18

The ability to be pulled into thinner strands; copper is very ductile

Question 19

Electricity conductivity

Answer 19

The ability to allow an electric current pass through it.

Question 20

Physical properties

Answer 20

A characteristic of a substance that can be determend without changing its composition

Question 21

Chemical properties

Answer 21

A characteristic of a substance that is determined when its composition changes and one or newer substances are produced

Question 22

chemical change

Answer 22

A change in the initial substance where one or more substances are produced

Question 23

Evidence of chemical change

Answer 23

O dour change, color change, gas production, precipitate production, heat/light production.

Question 24

Characteristic physical properties

Answer 24

A property that is unique to a substance and can be used to identify it, like your finger print

Question 25

Density

Answer 25

The amount of mass per that unit volume of that matter

Question 26

Density formula

Answer 26

D = M / V

Question 27

Freezing point

Answer 27

The tempreature at which a liquid turns into a solid

Question 28

melting point

Answer 28

The tempreature at which a solid turns into a liquid

Question 29

boiling point

Answer 29

the tempreature at which a liquid turns into a gas

Question 30

Atom

Answer 30

The smallest unit of an element

Question 31

Electrons ( e - )

Answer 31

Negatively charged; orbits in shells around the nucleus

Question 32

Protons ( p + )

Answer 32

Positively charged; located in the nucleus, contributes to the mass ( 1+ )

Question 33

Neutrons

Answer 33

No charge, located inside the nucleus, contributes to the mass

Question 34

Atomic number

Answer 34

The number of protons inside an atoms nucleus

Question 35

Mass number formula

Answer 35

Mass number = # protons + # neutrons

Question 36

isotopes

Answer 36

Atoms with the same number of protons but different neutrons

Question 37

Atomic mass

Answer 37

The mass of an atom, measured in atomic mass units

Question 38

Bore-Rutherford diagram

Answer 38

A simple drawing that shows the location and the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons inside an atom

Question 39

The periodic table

Answer 39

A table of elements

Question 40

Element

Answer 40

Pure substance that cannot be broken into simpler substances

Question 41

Element symbol

Answer 41

an abbreviation for an element

Question 42

compound

Answer 42

a pure substance made of two or more different substances

Question 43

Metal

Answer 43

an element that is a solid, is lustrous, malleable, ductile, and a conductor of heat and electricity

Question 44

who created the periodic table

Answer 44

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 45

What happens when water freezes

Answer 45

Water gets less dense, and the particles make a crystal like shape

Question 46

Chemical formula

Answer 46

The notation used to indicate the type and number of atoms in a pure substance

Question 47

Molecular element

Answer 47

A molecule consisting of atoms of the same elements

Question 48

Molecular compound

Answer 48

A molecule that consists of two or more different elements

Question 49

Ion

Answer 49

A particle that either has a positive or negative charge

Question 50

Anion

Answer 50

A negatively charged ion ( n- )

Question 51

Cation

Answer 51

A positively charged ion (p+)

Question 52

Ionic compounds

Answer 52

A compound made up of negatively and positively charged ions, usually consists of metals and non-metals

Question 53

what is it called when a metal and a non metal join/combine

Answer 53

Ionic compound

Question 54

What is it called when two non metals join

Answer 54

A covalent bonding

Question 55

What is it called when two metals join

Answer 55

An alloy