The nervous system

Question 1

What is the nervous system divided into?

Answer 1

• CNS
• PNS

Question 2

What is the PNC

Answer 2

• The peripheral nervous system is made up of the neurones that connect to the sensory receptors and effectors to the CNS

Question 3

What are the two functional systems in the PNS

Answer 3

• Somatic Nervous System = Controls conscious activities
• Autonomic Nervous System = Controls unconscious activities

Question 4

What are the two divisions in the Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 4

• The parasympathetic = Calms the body down, parasynthetic neurones release neurotransmitter acetylcholine
• The sympathetic = Gets the body ready for action, ready for ‘fight or flight’, sympathetic neurones release neurotransmitter noradrenaline

Question 5

What are neurones

Answer 5

Are specialised cells that conduct electrical impulses within the nervous system.
Bundle of neurones = a nerve

Question 6

What do sensory receptors act as

Answer 6

-Transducers = they convert energy of a stimulus into electrical energy

Question 7

What is the pathway of a nerve impulse

Answer 7

Stimulus -> Receptor -> CNS -> Effector -> Response

Question 8

Structure of a sensory neuron

Answer 8

• Short dendrites and one long dendron to carry nerve impulses from receptor cells to the cell body, one short axon that carries nerve impulses from the cell body to the CNS

Question 9

3 functions of a neuron

Answer 9

• Sensory Neurons = Transmit electrical impulses from receptors in sense organ to CNS
• Relay Neurons = Transmits electrical impulses within the CNS. Connect sensory and motor neurones
• Motor Neurons = Transmit electrical impulses from the CNS to the effector

Question 10

Structure of a Relay neurone

Answer 10

• Many short dendrites that carry nerve impulses from sensory neurones to the cell body and one axon that carries nerve impulses from the cell body to the motor neurones