The Nervous System Flashcards
(11 cards)
What is the nervous system?
Body-wide system of nerve cells that communicate, process information, and direct body organs and muscles via electrochemical signals.
The nervous system is responsible for receiving sensory input, processing it, and executing responses.
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
- Central Nervous System (CNS)
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS connects the CNS to the rest of the body.
What does the central nervous system do?
Complex processing of information.
The CNS interprets sensory information and coordinates responses.
What is the role of the peripheral nervous system?
Delivers sensory information to the CNS and motor commands away from the CNS.
The PNS includes both the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and the somatic nervous system (SNS).
What is the function of the spinal cord?
Receives and transmits information to and from the body and brain; involved in some reflex processing.
The spinal cord acts as a major conduit for information traveling to and from the brain.
What is the brain responsible for?
All conscious and most unconscious processing.
The brain is the control center for thoughts, emotions, and coordination of bodily functions.
What does the autonomic nervous system control?
Actions of internal organs and glands; involuntary functions under unconscious control.
The ANS regulates bodily functions such as heart rate and digestion.
What is the role of the somatic nervous system?
Controls skeletal muscles for movement; voluntary system under conscious control.
The SNS is involved in deliberate movements and reflexes.
What does the sympathetic nervous system do?
Increases bodily activities; releases norepinephrine; activates fight or flight response.
The sympathetic system prepares the body for stressful situations.
What is the function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Decreases bodily activities; releases acetylcholine; promotes rest and digestion.
The parasympathetic system conserves energy and restores the body to a calm state.
Fill in the blank: Homeostasis is the regulation of the internal environment in normal conditions, maintaining a balance between the __________ and __________ nervous systems.
sympathetic, parasympathetic
Homeostasis is essential for maintaining stable conditions in the body.
