The Nervous System: Intro To Cells And Systems Flashcards
(26 cards)
Neuroglia are ________ cells that sustain neurons both metabolically and physically.
Supportive
The major cell types in the nervous system are _______ and ________.
Neurons and neuroglia
________ are tapering and branching extensions of the soma and convey ___________ . The main cytoplasmic organelles in it are the ________ & ___________.
Dendrites
Information
Microtubules and neurofilaments
Transport from the soma toward the axonal terminals is called _________. It involves _______ and is responsible for synthesis of ___________ in synaptic terminals.
anterograde axonal transport
Kinesin
neurotransmitters
Axonal transport away from the axonal terminals is called ________. It is driven by ________ and returns recycled synaptic vesicles for ___________ degradation.
retrograde
dynein
lysosomal
An Important cation for axonal transport is
calcium
Energy required for axonal transport is from ________. The _________ control the level of cation in the axoplam by suppling ______ to the ion pumps for axonal transport.
Glucose
Mitochondria
ATP
Neuroglia cells in the CNS include ________ and _______ and in the PNS ________ and ___________ cells.
__________ and ______ cells are also considered to be central neuroglial cells.
atrocytes, oligodendroglia
schwann cells, satellite cells
Microglia and ependymal
Astrocytes take up ___ ions and ____________ substances which they metabolize, biodegrade, or recycle.
K
neurotransmitter
Many ________ axons can be myelinated by single _________ cell, whereas in the ________ each _____ cell myelinates only one axon.
Cental
Oligodendrocyte
PNS
Shwann
_______ cells are in the _____ and encapsulate dorsal root and cranial nerve ganglion cells and act in a similar fashion to astrocytes.
Satellite cells
PNS
________ are latent phagocytes. They help remove cellular products when the _____ is damaged.
Microglia
CNS
__________ cells form the epithelium lining the ventricular space of the brain that contain ________ which is secreted from these specialized cells of the ______ plexuses located in the ventricular system.
Ependymal
CSF
Choroid
Most neurons in the nervous system are __- mitotic cells. Many ______ precursor cell are present in the adult brain and they can divide and differentiate.
Most brain tumors are from _____ cells
Post
Glial
Glial
Aside from the _______ cells in the lining, the ______ may also help limit the movement of certain substances in the Blood brain barrier like _______ ions.
ependymal/ epithelial
Astrocytes
K
A _______ unit can be regarded as the basic unit of movement and has a _____ motor neuron, it’s axon, and all the _________ it supplies.
Motor
Alpha
Skeletal muscle fibers
White matter has high concentrations of ______ pathoways. They have very few _________. White matter is ___-elinated. Gray matter has high concentrations of _____ and ______.
axon
neurons
My
neurons and dendrites.
The volume of CSF within the cerebral ventricles is
30ml
The volume of CSF within the subarachnoid space is about
125ml
The amount of CSF made every minute is
.35ml
the cell bodies of primary afferent neurons are located in the _______ root and _______ _______ ganglia.
dorsal
cranial nerve
The ______ plexuses which make CSF, are located in the _______, _______, and __________ ventricles.
choroid
lateral, third, fourth
Regions where spaces are expanded for CSF are called _______. The _______ _______ is the target for our csf punctures.
cisterns
lumbar cistern
_______________ are higher in the Lumbar CSF than in the blood and _______________ are lower. CSF is _______ to blood.
Na, Cl
K, glucose, protein
isotonic
